In addition to their well-known role in transporting cargoes in the cytoplasm, microtubule motors organize their own tracks – the microtubules. While this function is mostly studied in the context of cell division, it is essential for microtubule organization and generation of cell polarity in interphase cells. Kinesin-1, the most abundant microtubule motor, plays a role in the initial formation of neurites. This review describes the mechanism of kinesin-1-driven microtubule sliding and discusses its biological significance in neurons. Recent studies describing the interplay between kinesin-1 and cytoplasmic dynein in the translocation of microtubules are discussed. In addition, we evaluate recent work exploring the developmental regulation of microtubule sliding during axonal outgrowth and regeneration. Collectively, the discussed works suggest that sliding of interphase microtubules by motors is a novel force-generating mechanism that reorganizes the cytoskeleton and drives shape change and polarization.

除了在细胞质中运输货物的众所周知的作用外，微管马达还组织了它们自己的轨道-微管。虽然此功能主要在细胞分裂的背景下进行研究，但对于微管组织和相间细胞中细胞极性的产生至关重要。Kinesin-1是最丰富的微管马达，在神经突的初始形成中起作用。这篇综述描述了驱动蛋白1驱动微管滑动的机制，并讨论了其在神经元中的生物学意义。最近的研究描述了驱动蛋白1和细胞质动力蛋白在微管移位中的相互作用。此外，我们评估最近的工作，探索轴突生长和再生过程中微管滑动的发展规律。总的来说，