Schizophrenia is associated with alterations in sensory, motor, and cognitive functions that emerge before psychosis onset; identifying pathogenic processes that can account for this multi-faceted phenotype remains a challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic plasticity is impaired in schizophrenia. Given the role of synaptic plasticity in learning, memory, and neural circuit maturation, impaired plasticity may underlie many features of the schizophrenia syndrome. Here, we summarize the neurobiology of synaptic plasticity, review evidence that plasticity is impaired in schizophrenia, and explore a framework in which impaired synaptic plasticity interacts with brain maturation to yield the emergence of sensory, motor, cognitive, and psychotic features at different times during development in schizophrenia. Key gaps in the literature and future directions for testing this framework are discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过发育绘制精神分裂症突触可塑性受损的后果：不同临床特征的综合模型

精神分裂症与精神病发作前出现的感觉、运动和认知功能的改变有关；确定可以解释这种多方面表型的致病过程仍然是一个挑战。越来越多的证据表明，精神分裂症患者的突触可塑性受损。鉴于突触可塑性在学习、记忆和神经回路成熟中的作用，可塑性受损可能是精神分裂症综合征许多特征的基础。在这里，我们总结了突触可塑性的神经生物学，回顾了精神分裂症可塑性受损的证据，并探索了一个框架，在这个框架中，受损的突触可塑性与大脑成熟相互作用以产生在不同时间出现的感觉、运动、认知和精神病特征。精神分裂症的发展。