Learning about potential threats is critical for survival. Learned fear responses are acquired either through direct experiences or indirectly through social transmission. Social fear learning (SFL), also known as vicarious fear learning, is a paradigm successfully used for studying the transmission of threat information between individuals. Animal and human studies have begun to elucidate the behavioral, neural and molecular mechanisms of SFL. Recent research suggests that social learning mechanisms underlie a wide range of adaptive and maladaptive phenomena, from supporting flexible avoidance in dynamic environments to intergenerational transmission of trauma and anxiety disorders. This review discusses recent advances in SFL studies and their implications for basic, social and clinical sciences.

中文翻译：

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社交恐惧学习：从动物模型到人类功能

了解潜在威胁对于生存至关重要。习得性恐惧反应是通过直接经验或通过社会传播间接获得的。社交恐惧学习 (SFL)，也称为替代恐惧学习，是一种成功用于研究个体之间威胁信息传输的范式。动物和人类研究已经开始阐明 SFL 的行为、神经和分子机制。最近的研究表明，社会学习机制是广泛的适应性和适应不良现象的基础，从支持动态环境中的灵活回避到创伤和焦虑症的代际传递。本综述讨论了 SFL 研究的最新进展及其对基础、社会和临床科学的影响。