Reality monitoring processes are necessary for discriminating between internally generated information and information that originated in the outside world. They help us to identify our thoughts, feelings, and imaginations, and to distinguish them from events we may have experienced or have been told about by someone else. Reality monitoring errors range from confusions between real and imagined experiences, that are byproducts of normal cognition, to symptoms of mental illness such as hallucinations. Recent advances support an emerging neurocognitive characterization of reality monitoring that provides insights into its underlying operating principles and neural mechanisms, the differing ways in which impairment may occur in health and disease, and the potential for rehabilitation strategies to be devised that might help those who experience clinically significant reality monitoring disruption.

中文翻译：

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现实监测的大脑机制

现实监控过程对于区分内部生成的信息和源自外部世界的信息是必要的。它们帮助我们识别我们的想法、感受和想象，并将它们与我们可能经历过或被其他人讲述过的事件区分开来。现实监测错误的范围从真实体验和想象体验之间的混淆，这是正常认知的副产品，到精神疾病的症状，如幻觉。最近的进展支持现实监测的新兴神经认知特征，它提供了对其基本操作原理和神经机制的洞察力，健康和疾病中损害可能发生的不同方式，