Genome duplication is carried out by pairs of replication forks that assemble at origins of replication and then move in opposite directions. DNA replication ends when converging replication forks meet. During this process, which is known as replication termination, DNA synthesis is completed, the replication machinery is disassembled and daughter molecules are resolved. In this Review, we outline the steps that are likely to be common to replication termination in most organisms, namely, fork convergence, synthesis completion, replisome disassembly and decatenation. We briefly review the mechanism of termination in the bacterium Escherichia coli and in simian virus 40 (SV40) and also focus on recent advances in eukaryotic replication termination. In particular, we discuss the recently discovered E3 ubiquitin ligases that control replisome disassembly in yeast and higher eukaryotes, and how their activity is regulated to avoid genome instability.

基因组复制是通过成对的复制叉进行的，复制叉在复制起点组装，然后朝相反的方向移动。当聚合复制叉相遇时，DNA复制结束。在此过程中，即复制终止，DNA合成完成，复制机制被分解，子分子被分解。在本综述中，我们概述了大多数生物体中复制终止可能共有的步骤，即叉子融合，合成完成，复制体拆卸和脱级。我们简要回顾了在大肠杆菌中终止的机制以及猿猴病毒40（SV40），也关注真核复制终止的最新进展。特别是，我们讨论了最近发现的E3泛素连接酶，该酶控制酵母和高级真核生物中的复制体分解，以及如何调节其活性以避免基因组不稳定。