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Opiates and Plasticity in the Ventral Tegmental Area
ACS Chemical Neuroscience ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-16 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00281
Ludovic D. Langlois 1 , Fereshteh S. Nugent 1
Affiliation  

Opioids are among the most effective pain relievers; however, their abuse has been on the rise worldwide evident from an alarming increase in accidental opioid overdoses. This demands for an urgent increase in scientific endeavors for better understanding of main cellular mechanisms and circuits involved in opiate addiction. Preclinical studies strongly suggest that memories associated with positive and negative opioid experiences are critical in promoting compulsive opiate-seeking and opiate-taking behaviors, and relapse. Particular focus on synaptic plasticity as the cellular correlate of learning and memory has rapidly evolved in drug addiction field over the past two decades. Several critical addiction-related brain areas are identified, one of which is the ventral tegmental area (VTA), an area intensively studied as the initial locus for drug reward. Here, we provide an update to our previous review on “Opiates and Plasticity” highlighting the most recent discoveries of synaptic plasticity associated with opiates in the VTA. Electrophysiological studies of plasticity of addiction to date have been invaluable in addressing learning processes and mechanisms that underlie motivated and addictive behaviors, and now with the availability of powerful technologies of transgenic approaches and optogenetics, circuit-based studies hold high promise in fostering synaptic studies of opiate addiction.

中文翻译:

腹侧被盖区的阿片和可塑性

阿片类药物是最有效的止痛药。然而,由于阿片类药物过量使用的惊人增加,全世界范围内滥用它们的现象正在增加。这就要求科学努力的紧急增加,以更好地了解与阿片成瘾有关的主要细胞机制和回路。临床前研究强烈表明,与积极和消极的阿片类药物经历相关的记忆对于促进强迫性阿片寻求和阿片服用行为以及复发至关重要。在过去的二十年中,在成瘾领域中,作为学习和记忆的细胞相关物质的突触可塑性特别受到关注。确定了几个与成瘾相关的关键脑区,其中一个是腹侧被盖区(VTA),经过深入研究的区域,它是获得毒品奖励的最初场所。在这里,我们提供了对以前关于“阿片类药物和可塑性”的评论的更新,重点介绍了VTA中与鸦片制剂相关的突触可塑性的最新发现。迄今为止,对成瘾可塑性的电生理研究对于解决动机和成瘾行为基础的学习过程和机制具有不可估量的价值。现在,随着转基因方法和光遗传学的强大技术的应用,基于电路的研究在促进对神经系统的突触研究方面具有广阔的前景。阿片成瘾。
更新日期:2017-08-16
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