Transmission of commensal intestinal bacteria between humans could promote health by establishing, maintaining and replenishing microbial diversity in the microbiota of an individual. Unlike pathogens, the routes of transmission for commensal bacteria remain unappreciated and poorly understood, despite the likely commonalities between both. Consequently, broad infection control measures that are designed to prevent pathogen transmission and infection, such as oversanitation and the overuse of antibiotics, may inadvertently affect human health by altering normal commensal transmission. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms and factors that influence host-to-host transmission of the intestinal microbiota and examine how a better understanding of these processes will identify new approaches to nurture and restore transmission routes that are used by beneficial bacteria.

中文翻译：

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肠道菌群的传播：健康传播

人与人之间的共肠细菌的传播可通过建立，维持和补充个体微生物区系中的微生物多样性来促进健康。与病原体不同的是，尽管共生细菌之间的共通性，但共生细菌的传播途径仍然不为人所知，并且知之甚少。因此，旨在防止病原体传播和感染的广泛的感染控制措施，例如卫生过度和抗生素的过度使用，可能会通过改变正常的正常传播而无意中影响人类健康。在这篇评论中，