Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915), a German psychiatrist and neuropathologist, was the first to describe the clinical and pathological features of a then unrecognised brain disease. In 1895, Alzheimer described “arteriosclerotic brain atrophy”.¹ This notion was important for differentiating arterosclerotic dementia from general paralysis since, in those days, syphilis was considered to be the most common form of presenile dementia.

中文翻译：

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阿尔茨海默氏病的首次报道

德国精神病学家和神经病理学家Alois Alzheimer（1864-1915）率先描述了当时无法识别的脑部疾病的临床和病理特征。1895年，阿尔茨海默氏症描述为“动脉硬化性脑萎缩”。¹该概念对于区分动脉硬化性痴呆症与一般性麻痹很重要，因为在当时，梅毒被认为是老年性痴呆的最常见形式。