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Influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on the bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics of phenanthrene in geophagous earthworms (Metaphire guillelmi)
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-27 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7en00118e
Haiyun Zhang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Weixiao Chen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Xiaofang Shen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Meng Zhang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Yu Yang 6, 7, 8, 9 , Jason C. White 9, 10, 11, 12 , Shu Tao 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Xilong Wang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation  

The impact of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (outer diameter <8 nm: MW8; >50 nm: MW50) and fullerene (C60) at 300 or 3000 mg kg−1 on phenanthrene bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics (L, 1.37 mg kg−1; H, 16.14 mg kg−1) in a geophagous earthworm (Metaphire guillelmi) was investigated. Prior to worm exposure, the residual phenanthrene concentrations in soil decreased by 56.4% (L) and 59.9% (H) after 12 h of equilibrium. Phenanthrene accumulation in earthworms exhibited a bell-shaped pattern for all treatments. However, both the rate and extent of bioaccumulation and elimination were significantly affected by the CNMs, dependent on both the type and amendment level. C60 and MW8 at 300 mg kg−1 in the L system significantly decreased the uptake rate of phenanthrene, resulting in delayed maximum accumulation at 2 d. All other treatments had little impact on the uptake rate, with the exception of a slight decrease induced by MW8 at 3000 mg kg−1. The maximum phenanthrene accumulation followed an order of C60 > MW8 > MW50 at each amendment level of these materials. All CNMs increased the uptake rate of phenanthrene by earthworms in the H system, with the exception of MW8 at 3000 mg kg−1 where the maximum accumulation occurred earlier than the control. Furthermore, the uptake rate and maximum accumulation of phenanthrene in earthworms followed an order of C60 > MW50 > MW8 at each level, which was the opposite of its strength of sorption to these materials. Interestingly, phenanthrene bioaccumulation in the H system amended with 3000 mg kg−1 MW8 was 2.2–3.9 times that of all the other treatments at 35 d. For elimination, MW8 at this level increased phenanthrene amounts remaining in earthworms in both L (1.4–3.2 times) and H (1.1–15.2 times) systems. A higher burden of phenanthrene during the later bioaccumulation and elimination periods could result from ingestion and absorption of MW8; the accumulated phenanthrene may strongly bind to the internalized MW8, thereby reducing its elimination. Soil amendment with C60 and MW50 at both levels and MW8 at 300 mg kg−1 increased worm phenanthrene elimination in the L system, while that in the H system was not significantly affected. The results highlight the impact of CNMs on the bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics of phenanthrene in a typical geophagous earthworm, and provide important information for understanding of the potential risks of CNMs released into terrestrial systems.

中文翻译:

多壁碳纳米管和富勒烯在geophagous蚯蚓菲的生物蓄积和消除动力学的影响(Metaphire guillelmi

多壁碳纳米管的影响(外径<8纳米:MW8;> 50纳米:MW50)和富勒烯(C 60,在300或3000毫克千克)-1上菲生物累积和消除动力学(L,1.37毫克公斤- 1;在食地pha(Metaphire guillelmi)中研究了H,16.14 mg kg -1。接触蠕虫之前,平衡12小时后,土壤中残留的菲浓度降低了56.4%(L)和59.9%(H)。all在所有处理中的菲积累呈钟形。然而,生物蓄积和消除的速率和程度都受到CNM的显着影响,这取决于类型和修正水平。C 60L系统中300 mg kg -1的MW8和MW8显着降低了菲的吸收速率,导致2 d时最大积累延迟。除MW8在3000 mg kg -1下引起的略微降低外,所有其他处理对吸收率的影响均很小。在这些材料的每个修正水平下,最大的菲积累量遵循C 60 > MW8> MW50的顺序。除了浓度为3000 mg kg -1的MW8以外,所有CNM均增加了the在H系统中对菲的吸收率,最大积累早于对照。此外,earth的吸收速率和菲的最大积累遵循C 60量级。> MW50> MW8在每个水平上,这与它对这些材料的吸附强度相反。有趣的是,在35 d时,用3000 mg kg -1 MW8修正的H系统中菲的生物累积量是所有其他处理的2.2-3.9倍。为了消除,在L(1.4–3.2倍)和H(1.1–15.2倍)系统中,此水平的MW8增加了remaining中残留的菲量。MW8的摄入和吸收可能导致后期生物富集和消除阶段菲的负担增加;积累的菲可能会牢固地结合到内在的MW8,从而减少其消除。两种水平都使用C 60和MW50以及300 mg kg -1时使用MW8的土壤改良剂L系统中增加的蠕虫菲消除作用,而H系统中的不显着影响。结果突出了CNM对典型食相a中菲生物富集和消除动力学的影响,并为了解释放到地面系统中的CNM的潜在风险提供了重要信息。
更新日期:2017-08-10
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