Tumours display considerable variation in the patterning and properties of angiogenic blood vessels, as well as in their responses to anti-angiogenic therapy. Angiogenic programming of neoplastic tissue is a multidimensional process regulated by cancer cells in concert with a variety of tumour-associated stromal cells and their bioactive products, which encompass cytokines and growth factors, the extracellular matrix and secreted microvesicles. In this Review, we discuss the extrinsic regulation of angiogenesis by the tumour microenvironment, highlighting potential vulnerabilities that could be targeted to improve the applicability and reach of anti-angiogenic cancer therapies.

肿瘤在血管生成血管的图案和特性以及其对抗血管生成疗法的反应中显示出相当大的差异。肿瘤组织的血管生成程序设计是一个多维过程，受癌细胞与多种与肿瘤相关的基质细胞及其生物活性产物协同调控，其中包括细胞因子和生长因子，细胞外基质和分泌的微囊泡。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肿瘤微环境对血管新生的外在调节，强调了潜在的脆弱性，这些脆弱性可能旨在改善抗血管生成性癌症疗法的适用性和覆盖范围。