The tumour microenvironment is the primary location in which tumour cells and the host immune system interact. Different immune cell subsets are recruited into the tumour microenvironment via interactions between chemokines and chemokine receptors, and these populations have distinct effects on tumour progression and therapeutic outcomes. In this Review, we focus on the main chemokines that are found in the human tumour microenvironment; we elaborate on their patterns of expression, their regulation and their roles in immune cell recruitment and in cancer and stromal cell biology, and we consider how they affect cancer immunity and tumorigenesis. We also discuss the potential of targeting chemokine networks, in combination with other immunotherapies, for the treatment of cancer.

中文翻译：

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癌症微环境中的趋化因子及其在癌症免疫治疗中的相关性

肿瘤微环境是肿瘤细胞与宿主免疫系统相互作用的主要位置。通过趋化因子和趋化因子受体之间的相互作用，将不同的免疫细胞亚群募集到肿瘤微环境中，这些群体对肿瘤的进展和治疗结果具有独特的影响。在这篇综述中，我们着重于人类肿瘤微环境中发现的主要趋化因子。我们详细介绍了它们的表达模式，调控及其在免疫细胞募集以及癌症和基质细胞生物学中的作用，并考虑了它们如何影响癌症的免疫力和肿瘤发生。我们还讨论了靶向趋化因子网络结合其他免疫疗法治疗癌症的潜力。