With the generation of more than 100 sequenced vertebrate genomes in less than 25 years, the key question arises of how these resources can be used to inform new or ongoing projects. In the past, this diverse collection of sequences from human as well as model and non-model organisms has been used to annotate the human genome and to increase the understanding of human disease. In the future, comparative vertebrate genomics in conjunction with additional genomic resources will yield insights into the processes of genome function, evolution, speciation, selection and adaptation, as well as the quantification of species diversity. In this Review, we discuss how the genomics of non-human organisms can provide insights into vertebrate biology and how this can contribute to the understanding of human physiology and health.

中文翻译：

---

使用比较脊椎动物基因组学剖析进化和疾病

在不到25年的时间里，随着100多个测序脊椎动物基因组的产生，关键的问题出现了，即如何利用这些资源为新的或正在进行的项目提供信息。过去，这种来自人类以及模型和非模型生物的序列的多样化集合已用于注释人类基因组并增进了对人类疾病的了解。将来，比较脊椎动物基因组学与其他基因组资源的结合将使人们对基因组功能，进化，物种形成，选择和适应以及物种多样性的量化过程产生深刻见解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了非人类生物的基因组学如何提供脊椎动物生物学的见识，以及它如何有助于对人类生理学和健康的理解。