Currently, infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria have reached critical levels. Thus, various approaches are being explored for the development of new and effective antimicrobial agents, one of which lies in the form of polymeric nanoparticles. Driven by the significant advancements in controlled polymerization techniques over the last few decades, antimicrobial polymeric nanoparticles have recently been investigated as potential new antibiotics to combat the rise of infectious diseases. This review aims at presenting an overview of the history and state-of-the-art of antimicrobial polymeric nanoparticles including their available structure-activity relationship, and highlights the impact of controlled polymerization has on the antimicrobial field as well as some of the key challenges that still need to be overcome for potential clinical applications. Herein, potential new developments are suggested as well.

当前，由耐多药细菌引起的感染已达到临界水平。因此，正在探索各种方法来开发新的有效的抗菌剂，其中一种以聚合物纳米颗粒的形式存在。在过去的几十年中，在受控聚合技术的重大进步的推动下，最近已研究了抗微生物聚合物纳米颗粒，作为对抗传染病上升的潜在新抗生素。这篇综述旨在概述抗菌聚合物纳米颗粒的历史和最新技术，包括其可用的结构-活性关系，并强调了受控聚合对抗菌领域的影响以及潜在的临床应用仍需克服的一些关键挑战。本文还建议了潜在的新发展。