当前位置: X-MOL 学术Chem. Res. Toxicol. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
The Dihydroxy Metabolite of the Teratogen Thalidomide Causes Oxidative DNA Damage
Chemical Research in Toxicology ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-02 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00127
Tasaduq H. Wani 1 , Anindita Chakrabarty 1 , Norio Shibata 2 , Hiroshi Yamazaki 3 , F. Peter Guengerich 4 , Goutam Chowdhury 1
Affiliation  

Thalidomide [α-(N-phthalimido)glutarimide] (1) is a sedative and antiemetic drug originally introduced into the clinic in the 1950s for the treatment of morning sickness. Although marketed as entirely safe, more than 10 000 babies were born with severe birth defects. Thalidomide was banned and subsequently approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and complications associated with leprosy. Although known for more than 5 decades, the mechanism of teratogenicity remains to be conclusively understood. Various theories have been proposed in the literature including DNA damage and ROS and inhibition of angiogenesis and cereblon. All of the theories have their merits and limitations. Although the recently proposed cereblon theory has gained wide acceptance, it fails to explain the metabolism and low-dose requirement reported by a number of groups. Recently, we have provided convincing structural evidence in support of the presence of arene oxide and the quinone-reactive intermediates. However, the ability of these reactive intermediates to impart toxicity/teratogenicity needs investigation. Herein we report that the oxidative metabolite of thalidomide, dihydroxythalidomide, is responsible for generating ROS and causing DNA damage. We show, using cell lines, the formation of comet (DNA damage) and ROS. Using DNA-cleavage assays, we also show that catalase, radical scavengers, and desferal are capable of inhibiting DNA damage. A mechanism of teratogenicity is proposed that not only explains the DNA-damaging property but also the metabolism, low concentration, and species-specificity requirements of thalidomide.

中文翻译:

致敏性沙利度胺的二羟基代谢物导致DNA氧化损伤

沙利度胺[α-(N -phthalimido)glutarimide](1)是一种镇静和止吐药,最初于1950年代引入临床,用于治疗晨吐。尽管以完全安全的方式销售,但仍有超过1万名婴儿出生时患有严重的先天缺陷。沙利度胺被禁用,随后被批准用于治疗多发性骨髓瘤和麻风病相关并发症。尽管已知致畸的机制已有5多年以上的历史,但仍有待最终确定。文献中已经提出了各种理论,包括DNA损伤和ROS以及血管生成和大脑的抑制。所有的理论都有其优点和局限性。尽管最近提出的脑神经理论已被广泛接受,但它不能解释许多研究小组报道的新陈代谢和低剂量需求。最近,我们提供了令人信服的结构证据来支持氧化芳烃和醌反应性中间体的存在。然而,需要研究这些反应性中间体赋予毒性/致畸性的能力。在此,我们报道了沙利度胺的氧化代谢产物二羟基沙利度胺负责产生ROS并引起DNA损伤。我们使用细胞系显示了彗星(DNA损伤)和ROS的形成。使用DNA裂解检测,我们还显示过氧化氢酶,自由基清除剂和去铁质能够抑制DNA损伤。提出了致畸作用的机制,不仅解释了DNA的破坏特性,而且解释了沙利度胺的代谢,低浓度和物种特异性要求。然而,需要研究这些反应性中间体赋予毒性/致畸性的能力。在此,我们报道了沙利度胺的氧化代谢产物二羟基沙利度胺负责产生ROS并引起DNA损伤。我们使用细胞系显示了彗星(DNA损伤)和ROS的形成。使用DNA裂解检测,我们还显示过氧化氢酶,自由基清除剂和去铁质能够抑制DNA损伤。提出了致畸作用的机制,不仅解释了DNA的破坏特性,而且解释了沙利度胺的代谢,低浓度和物种特异性要求。然而,需要研究这些反应性中间体赋予毒性/致畸性的能力。在此,我们报道了沙利度胺的氧化代谢产物二羟基沙利度胺负责产生ROS并引起DNA损伤。我们使用细胞系显示了彗星(DNA损伤)和ROS的形成。使用DNA裂解检测,我们还显示过氧化氢酶,自由基清除剂和去铁质能够抑制DNA损伤。提出了致畸作用的机制,不仅解释了DNA的破坏特性,而且解释了沙利度胺的代谢,低浓度和物种特异性要求。负责产生ROS并造成DNA损伤。我们使用细胞系显示了彗星(DNA损伤)和ROS的形成。使用DNA裂解检测,我们还显示过氧化氢酶,自由基清除剂和去铁质能够抑制DNA损伤。提出了致畸作用的机制,不仅解释了DNA的破坏特性,而且解释了沙利度胺的代谢,低浓度和物种特异性要求。负责产生ROS并造成DNA损伤。我们使用细胞系显示了彗星(DNA损伤)和ROS的形成。使用DNA裂解检测,我们还显示过氧化氢酶,自由基清除剂和去铁质能够抑制DNA损伤。提出了致畸作用的机制,不仅解释了DNA的破坏特性,而且解释了沙利度胺的代谢,低浓度和物种特异性要求。
更新日期:2017-08-02
down
wechat
bug