Tumor organoids are 3D cultures of cancer cells that can be derived on an individual patient basis with a high success rate. This creates opportunities to build large biobanks with relevant patient material that can be used to perform drug screens and facilitate drug development. The high take rate will also allow side-by-side comparison to evaluate the translational potential of this model system to the patient. These tumors-in-a-dish can be established for a variety of tumor types including colorectal, pancreas, stomach, prostate, and breast cancers. In this review, we highlight what is currently known about tumor organoid culture, the advantages and challenges of the model system, compare it with other pre-clinical cancer models, and evaluate its value for drug development.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤类器官作为药物发现的临床前癌症模型

肿瘤类器官是癌细胞的3D培养物，可根据个人患者以高成功率获得。这为利用相关的患者材料建立大型生物库创造了机会，这些生物库可用于进行药物筛查和促进药物开发。高摄取率还将允许并排比较以评估该模型系统对患者的翻译潜力。这些盘中肿瘤可以针对多种肿瘤类型而建立，包括结肠直肠癌，胰腺癌，胃癌，前列腺癌和乳腺癌。在这篇综述中，我们着重介绍了当前关于肿瘤类器官培养的知识，模型系统的优势和挑战，将其与其他临床前癌症模型进行比较，并评估其在药物开发中的价值。