Chemotherapy-induced pain is a dose-limiting condition that affects 30% of patients undergoing chemotherapy. We found that gut microbiota promotes the development of chemotherapy-induced mechanical hyperalgesia. Oxaliplatin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia was reduced in germ-free mice and in mice pretreated with antibiotics. Restoring the microbiota of germ-free mice abrogated this protection. These effects appear to be mediated, in part, by TLR4 expressed on hematopoietic cells, including macrophages.

中文翻译：

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肠道菌群对于诱导化学疗法引起的疼痛至关重要。

化学疗法引起的疼痛是一种剂量限制性疾病，会影响30％接受化疗的患者。我们发现肠道菌群可促进化学疗法诱发的机械性痛觉过敏的发展。奥沙利铂诱导的机械痛觉过敏在无菌小鼠和经抗生素预处理的小鼠中减少。恢复无菌小鼠的微生物群可以取消这种保护。这些作用似乎部分是由在造血细胞（包括巨噬细胞）上表达的TLR4介导的。