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Microbes Facilitate Mineral Deposition in Bioelectrochemical Systems
ACS Earth and Space Chemistry ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-06-26 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00042
A. Gartman 1 , A. Picard 1 , H. C. Olins 1 , N. Sarode 1 , D. R. Clarke 2 , P. R. Girguis 1
Affiliation  

Hydrothermal chimneys are striking, characteristic features of marine hydrothermal vents. These chimneys are dynamic environments occupied by a diversity of microbes whose distribution is typically concordant with mineralogy and temperature. Recent studies indicate that these chimney assemblages are conductive and present the possibility that microbial extracellular electron transfer may occur through these minerals, linking spatially separated electron donors and acceptors. Here we explore the relationships among biology, mineralogy, and electric potential in hydrothermal systems using crushed hydrothermal chimney as inoculum in high (75 °C) and low (30 °C) temperature bioelectrical systems. All experiments with live microbial communities incubated in the presence of a poised electrode resulted in enhanced mineral deposition relative to (A) a live, open circuit (not poised) electrode, or (B) dead microbial communities in the presence of a poised electrode. Microbial abundance increased in both high- and low-temperature treatments, dominated by taxa allied to the Deferribacterales on the high-temperature treatment electrode, and Chromatiales and Campylobacterales on the low-temperature treatment electrodes. Here we discuss the results of these experiments and consider the implications of these observations for the role that microorganisms may play in the formation of metal-rich hydrothermal chimneys.

中文翻译:

微生物促进生物电化学系统中的矿物沉积

热液烟囱是海洋热液喷口的引人注目的特征。这些烟囱是由各种微生物占据的动态环境,这些微生物的分布通常与矿物学和温度相一致。最近的研究表明,这些烟囱组件具有导电性,并存在微生物通过这些矿物质将空间上分开的电子供体和受体连接在一起而进行细胞外电子转移的可能性。在这里,我们探索在高温(75°C)和低温(30°C)生物电系统中,使用碎裂的热液烟囱作为接种物的热液系统中的生物学,矿物学和电势之间的关系。相对于(A)活的,开路的(未平衡)电极,或(B)在平衡的电极存在下的死微生物群落,所有在平衡电极存在下孵育活微生物群落的实验均导致矿物沉积增加。在高温和低温处理中,微生物的丰度都增加了,与高温处理电极上的去铁杆菌属相关的类群,以及低温处理电极上的染色菌和弯曲杆菌属都占了优势。在这里,我们讨论这些实验的结果,并考虑这些观察对于微生物在富金属热液烟囱的形成中可能发挥的作用的意义。在高温和低温处理中,微生物的丰度都增加了,与高温处理电极上的去铁杆菌属相关的类群,以及低温处理电极上的染色杆菌和弯曲杆菌属都占了优势。在这里,我们讨论这些实验的结果,并考虑这些观察对于微生物在富金属热液烟囱的形成中可能发挥的作用的意义。在高温和低温处理中,微生物的丰度都增加了,与高温处理电极上的去铁杆菌属相关的类群,以及低温处理电极上的染色杆菌和弯曲杆菌属都占了优势。在这里,我们讨论这些实验的结果,并考虑这些观察对于微生物在富金属热液烟囱的形成中可能发挥的作用的意义。
更新日期:2017-06-26
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