The inherent structure tunability, good affinity with CO₂, and nonvolatility of ionic liquids (ILs) drive their exploration and exploitation in CO₂ separation field, and has attracted remarkable interest from both industries and academia. The aim of this Review is to give a detailed overview on the recent advances on IL-based materials, including pure ILs, IL-based solvents, and IL-based membranes for CO₂ capture and separation from the viewpoint of molecule to engineering. The effects of anions, cations and functional groups on CO₂ solubility and selectivity of ILs, as well as the studies on degradability of ILs are reviewed, and the recent developments on functionalized ILs, IL-based solvents, and IL-based membranes are also discussed. CO₂ separation mechanism with IL-based solvents and IL-based membranes are explained by combining molecular simulation and experimental characterization. Taking into consideration of the applications and industrialization, the recent achievements and developments on the transport properties of IL fluids and the process design of IL-based processes are highlighted. Finally, the future research challenges and perspectives of the commercialization of CO₂ capture and separation with IL-based materials are posed.

中文翻译：

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基于离子液体的CO ₂捕集系统：结构，相互作用和过程

固有的结构可调性，与CO _2的良好亲和性以及离子液体（IL）的不挥发性驱使它们在CO ₂分离领域中的探索和开发，并引起了工业界和学术界的极大兴趣。这篇综述的目的是从分子到工程的角度，详细概述基于IL的材料的最新进展，包括基于ILs的纯ILs，基于IL的溶剂和用于捕获和分离CO ₂的基于IL的膜。阴离子，阳离子和官能团对CO _2的影响综述了IL的溶解性和选择性，以及IL的可降解性研究，并讨论了功能化IL，基于IL的溶剂和基于IL的膜的最新进展。通过分子模拟和实验表征相结合的方法解释了用基于IL的溶剂和基于IL的膜分离CO _2的机理。考虑到应用和工业化，重点介绍了IL流体的传输特性和基于IL的过程的工艺设计方面的最新成就和发展。最后，提出了未来的研究挑战和利用基于IL的材料进行CO ₂捕集和分离的商业化前景。