Surface-supported metal–organic framework thin films are receiving increasing attention as a novel form of nanotechnology. New deposition techniques that enable the control of the film thickness, homogeneity, morphology, and dimensions with a huge number of metal–organic framework compounds offer tremendous opportunities in a number of different application fields. In response to increasing demands for environmental sustainability and cleaner energy, much effort in recent years has been devoted to the development of MOF thin films for applications in photovoltaics, CO₂ reduction, energy storage, water splitting, and electronic devices, as well as for the fabrication of membranes. Although existing applications are promising and encouraging, MOF thin films still face numerous challenges, including the need for a more thorough understanding of the thin-film growth mechanism, stability of the internal and external interfaces, strategies for doping and models for charge carrier transport. In this paper, we review the recent advances in MOF thin films, including fabrication and patterning strategies and existing nanotechnology applications. We conclude by listing the most attractive future opportunities as well as the most urgent challenges.

中文翻译：

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表面支撑的金属有机框架薄膜：制造方法，应用和挑战

作为一种新型的纳米技术，表面支撑的金属有机框架薄膜受到越来越多的关注。通过大量金属-有机骨架化合物可以控制膜厚度，均匀性，形态和尺寸的新沉积技术，在许多不同的应用领域中提供了巨大的机会。为响应对环境可持续性和清洁能源的日益增长的需求，近年来已投入大量精力来开发用于光伏，CO ₂和MOF的MOF薄膜。还原，能量存储，水分解和电子设备，以及膜的制造。尽管现有应用前景广阔且令人鼓舞，但MOF薄膜仍面临众多挑战，包括需要更全面地了解薄膜生长机制，内部和外部界面的稳定性，掺杂策略和电荷载流子传输模型。在本文中，我们回顾了MOF薄膜的最新进展，包括制造和构图策略以及现有的纳米技术应用。最后，我们列出了最有吸引力的未来机会以及最紧迫的挑战。