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Assessing the impact of electrolyte conductivity and viscosity on the reactor cost and pressure drop of redox-active polymer flow batteries
Journal of Power Sources ( IF 9.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.052
Vinay A. Iyer , Jonathon K. Schuh , Elena C. Montoto , V. Pavan Nemani , Shaoyi Qian , Gavvalapalli Nagarjuna , Joaquín Rodríguez-López , Randy H. Ewoldt , Kyle C. Smith

Redox-active small molecules, used traditionally in redox flow batteries (RFBs), are susceptible to crossover and require expensive ion exchange membranes (IEMs) to achieve long lifetimes. Redox-active polymer (RAP) solutions show promise as candidate electrolytes to mitigate crossover through size-exclusion, enabling the use of porous separators instead of IEMs. Here, poly(vinylbenzyl ethyl viologen) is studied as a surrogate RAP for RFBs. For oxidized RAPs, ionic conductivity varies weakly between 1.6 and 2.1 S m−1 for RAP concentrations of 0.13–1.27 mol kg−1 (monomeric repeat unit per kg solvent) and 0.32 mol kg−1 LiBF4 with a minor increase upon reduction. In contrast, viscosity varies between 1.8 and 184.0 mPa s over the same concentration range with weakly shear-thinning rheology independent of oxidation state. Techno-economic analysis is used to quantify reactor cost as a function of electrolyte transport properties for RAP concentrations of 0.13–1.27 mol kg−1, assuming a hypothetical 3V cell and facile kinetics. Among these concentrations, reactor cost is minimized over a current density range of 600–1000 A m−2 with minimum reactor cost between $11–17 per kWh, and pumping pressures below 10 kPa. The predicted low reactor cost of RAP RFBs is enabled by sustained ionic mobility in spite of the high viscosity of concentrated RAP solutions.



中文翻译:

评估电解质电导率和粘度对氧化还原活性聚合物液流电池反应堆成本和压降的影响

传统上用于氧化还原液流电池(RFB)的具有氧化还原活性的小分子容易交叉,需要昂贵的离子交换膜(IEM)才能达到长寿命。氧化还原活性聚合物(RAP)解决方案有望成为候选电解质,通过尺寸排阻缓解交叉现象,从而可以使用多孔隔板代替IEM。在此,研究了聚乙烯基苄基乙基紫精作为RFB的替代RAP。对于氧化的RAP,对于0.13–1.27 mol kg -1(每千克溶剂的单体重复单元)和0.32 mol kg -1 LiBF 4的RAP浓度,离子电导率在1.6和2.1 S m -1之间变化很小。减少后略有增加。相反,在相同的浓度范围内,粘度在1.8和184.0 mPa s之间变化,剪切变稀流变学特性弱于氧化态。假设虚拟电池为3V,且动力学简单,则采用技术经济分析法来量化RAP浓度为0.13-1.27 mol kg -1时反应器成本与电解质传输性能之间的函数关系。在这些浓度中,反应堆成本在600–1000 A m -2的电流密度范围内最小化,最小反应堆成本在$ 11–17 / kWh之间,泵压低于10 kPa。尽管浓缩的RAP溶液的粘度很高,但仍可通过持续的离子迁移率来实现RAP RFB预计的低反应器成本。

更新日期:2017-07-05
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