Stimuli-sensitive hydrogels have received attention because of their potential applications in various fields. Stimuli-directed motion offers many practical applications, such as in drug delivery systems and actuators. Directed motion of asymmetric hydrogels has long been designed; however, few studies have investigated the motion control of symmetric hydrogels. We designed a pine cone scale-inspired movable temperature-sensitive symmetric hydrogel that contains Fe₃O₄. Alignment of Fe₃O₄ along the magnetic force is key in motion control in which Fe₃O₄ acts like fibers in a pine cone scale. Although a homogeneous temperature-sensitive hydrogel cannot respond to a temperature gradient, the Fe₃O₄-containing hydrogel demonstrates considerable bending motion. Varying degrees and directions of motion are easily facilitated by controlling the amount and alignment angle of the Fe₃O₄. The shape of the hydrogel layer also influences the morphological structure. This study introduced facile and low-cost methods to control various bending motions. These results can be applied to many fields of engineering, including industrial engineering.

刺激敏感的水凝胶由于其在各个领域的潜在应用而受到关注。刺激定向运动提供了许多实际应用，例如在药物输送系统和执行器中。长期以来，人们一直在设计不对称水凝胶的定向运动。然而，很少有研究研究对称水凝胶的运动控制。我们设计了一种含Fe ₃ O ₄的松果皮鳞片可移动的温度敏感对称水凝胶。Fe ₃ O ₄沿磁力排列是运动控制中的关键，其中Fe ₃ O ₄就像松锥状纤维一样起作用。尽管均质的对温度敏感的水凝胶不能响应温度梯度，但是含Fe ₃ O ₄的水凝胶显示出相当大的弯曲运动。通过控制Fe ₃ O ₄的量和取向角，可以容易地促进运动的程度和方向。水凝胶层的形状也影响形态结构。这项研究介绍了控制各种弯曲运动的简便且低成本的方法。这些结果可以应用于许多工程领域，包括工业工程。