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Cloud-Top Entrainment in Stratocumulus Clouds
Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics ( IF 27.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-03 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-010816-060231
Juan Pedro Mellado 1
Affiliation  

Cloud entrainment, the mixing between cloudy and clear air at the boundary of clouds, constitutes one paradigm for the relevance of small scales in the Earth system: By regulating cloud lifetimes, meter- and submeter-scale processes at cloud boundaries can influence planetary-scale properties. Understanding cloud entrainment is difficult given the complexity and diversity of the associated phenomena, which include turbulence entrainment within a stratified medium, convective instabilities driven by radiative and evaporative cooling, shear instabilities, and cloud microphysics. Obtaining accurate data at the required small scales is also challenging, for both simulations and measurements. During the past few decades, however, high-resolution simulations and measurements have greatly advanced our understanding of the main mechanisms controlling cloud entrainment. This article reviews some of these advances, focusing on stratocumulus clouds, and indicates remaining challenges.

中文翻译:

层积云中的云顶夹带

云夹带,即云边界处多云和晴空之间的混合,构成了地球系统中小尺度相关性的一种范式:通过调节云寿命,云边界处的米级和亚米级过程可以影响行星尺度特性。鉴于相关现象的复杂性和多样性,包括分层介质中的湍流夹带、辐射和蒸发冷却驱动的对流不稳定性、剪切不稳定性和云微物理学,理解云夹带是困难的。对于模拟和测量而言,在所需的小尺度上获取准确数据也具有挑战性。然而,在过去的几十年里,高分辨率模拟和测量极大地促进了我们对控制云夹带的主要机制的理解。本文回顾了其中一些进展,重点关注层积云,并指出了剩余的挑战。
更新日期:2017-01-03
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