Advanced manufacturing processes provide a tremendous opportunity to fabricate materials with precisely defined architectures. To fully leverage these capabilities, however, materials architectures must be optimally designed according to the target application, base material used, and specifics of the fabrication process. Computational topology optimization offers a systematic, mathematically driven framework for navigating this new design challenge. The design problem is posed and solved formally as an optimization problem with unit cell and upscaling mechanics embedded within this formulation. This article briefly reviews the key requirements to apply topology optimization to materials architecture design and discusses several fundamental findings related to optimization of elastic, thermal, and fluidic properties in periodic materials. Emerging areas related to topology optimization for manufacturability and manufacturing variations, nonlinear mechanics, and multiscale design are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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建筑材料设计的拓扑优化

先进的制造工艺为制造具有精确定义架构的材料提供了巨大的机会。然而，为了充分利用这些功能，必须根据目标应用、使用的基础材料和制造工艺的细节对材料架构进行优化设计。计算拓扑优化为应对这一新的设计挑战提供了一个系统的、数学驱动的框架。设计问题被正式提出并解决为一个优化问题，在这个公式中嵌入了单位单元和放大机制。本文简要回顾了将拓扑优化应用于材料架构设计的关键要求，并讨论了与优化周期性材料的弹性、热和流体特性相关的几个基本发现。