Acute and chronic pain complaints, although common, are generally poorly served by existing therapies. This unmet clinical need reflects a failure to develop novel classes of analgesics with superior efficacy, diminished adverse effects and a lower abuse liability than those currently available. Reasons for this include the heterogeneity of clinical pain conditions, the complexity and diversity of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and the unreliability of some preclinical pain models. However, recent advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of pain are beginning to offer opportunities for developing novel therapeutic strategies and revisiting existing targets, including modulating ion channels, enzymes and G-protein-coupled receptors.

中文翻译：

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突破新型镇痛药开发的障碍

急性和慢性疼痛主诉尽管很普遍，但现有疗法通常不能很好地解决。这种未得到满足的临床需求反映出未能开发出比现有止痛药具有更高功效，减少了不良作用，以及更低的滥用风险的新型止痛药。造成这种情况的原因包括临床疼痛状况的异质性，潜在病理生理机制的复杂性和多样性以及某些临床前疼痛模型的不可靠性。但是，我们对疼痛神经生物学的了解的最新进展开始为开发新的治疗策略和重新审视现有目标（包括调节离子通道，酶和G蛋白偶联受体）提供机会。