Although opioids are very effective in treating pain that is associated with tissue damage and inflammation, they have important adverse effects, such as drowsiness, constipation, potential respiratory arrest and addiction. By analysing drug–opioid receptor interactions in damaged tissues, as opposed to healthy tissues, Stein and

中文翻译：

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镇痛：设计阿片类药物的副作用

尽管阿片类药物在治疗与组织损伤和炎症有关的疼痛方面非常有效，但它们具有重要的副作用，例如嗜睡，便秘，潜在的呼吸暂停和成瘾。通过分析与健康组织相对的受损组织中的药物-阿片受体相互作用，Stein和