Microporous polymers are covalently bound, entirely organic materials which possess very high surface areas. These materials have been intensively studied within recent years and various interesting properties and possible applications have been discovered and described. This review article starts with the question, what makes microporous polymers special and are there certain features which differentiate them from other microporous materials? Indeed, there are some special structural and functional features found in microporous polymers which make them really unique and merit further exploration. We focus here on microporous polymers which are solution-processable, can be produced as thin films on electrodes by oxidative polymerizations, are π-conjugated organic semiconductors, or which provide the possibility to introduce and exploit distinct functional groups in an otherwise non-functional highly porous environment. Emerging applications for these microporous polymers which make explicit use of these unique features are further presented.

中文翻译：

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微孔聚合物的趋势和挑战

微孔聚合物是共价键合的，完全有机的材料，具有很高的表面积。近年来，已经对这些材料进行了深入研究，并且发现并描述了各种有趣的特性和可能的​​应用。这篇评论文章从一个问题开始，是什么使微孔聚合物与众不同，并且具有某些使其与其他微孔材料区分开的特征？确实，在微孔聚合物中发现了一些特殊的结构和功能特征，这使其真正具有独特性，值得进一步探索。我们在此重点介绍可溶液加工的微孔聚合物，它们可以通过氧化聚合在电极上形成薄膜，是π共轭有机半导体，或提供了在原本无功能的高度多孔环境中引入和利用不同官能团的可能性。进一步介绍了这些微孔聚合物的新兴应用，这些应用显式地利用了这些独特的功能。