Azines, which are six-membered aromatic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atoms, serve as ubiquitous structural cores of aromatic species with important applications in biological and materials sciences. Among a variety of synthetic approaches toward azines, C–H functionalization represents the most rapid and atom-economical transformation, and it is advantageous for the late-stage functionalization of azine-containing functional molecules. Since azines have several C–H bonds with different reactivities, the development of new reactions that allow for the functionalization of azines in a regioselective fashion has comprised a central issue. This review describes recent advances in the C–H functionalization of azines categorized as follows: (1) S_NAr reactions, (2) radical reactions, (3) deprotonation/functionalization, and (4) metal-catalyzed reactions.

中文翻译：

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叠氮的C–H功能化

叠氮是包含一个或多个氮原子的六元芳香族化合物，是芳香族物种无处不在的结构核心，在生物和材料科学中具有重要的应用。在各种合成方法中，CHH官能化代表了最快，最经济的原子转化，对于含嗪官能团分子的后期官能化是有利的。由于嗪具有几个具有不同反应性的C–H键，因此新的反应的发展成为了一个主要问题，该反应允许以区域选择性的方式将嗪官能化。这篇综述描述了在C-H官能化的杂志上的最新进展，其分类如下：（1）S _NAr反应，（2）自由基反应，（3）去质子/官能化和（4）金属催化的反应。