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How “you” makes meaning
Science ( IF 56.9 ) Pub Date : 2017-03-23 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aaj2014
Ariana Orvell 1 , Ethan Kross 1 , Susan A. Gelman 1
Affiliation  

Linguistically, the generic use of “you” enables people to distance themselves from negative experiences and to extract some meaning from them. Using “you” to generalize from me to others Sometimes “you” is used when addressing another person, but in many situations, “you” is used to indicate anyone or everyone—the generic “you.” Orvell et al. studied the underlying psychological function of the generic “you.” When asked to write about a past negative experience, people were more likely to distance themselves and derive meaning from the experience if tasked with using the generic “you” rather than the first-person pronoun “I.” Science, this issue p. 1299 “You” is one of the most common words in the English language. Although it typically refers to the person addressed (“How are you?”), “you” is also used to make timeless statements about people in general (“You win some, you lose some.”). Here, we demonstrate that this ubiquitous but understudied linguistic device, known as “generic-you,” has important implications for how people derive meaning from experience. Across six experiments, we found that generic-you is used to express norms in both ordinary and emotional contexts and that producing generic-you when reflecting on negative experiences allows people to “normalize” their experience by extending it beyond the self. In this way, a simple linguistic device serves a powerful meaning-making function.

中文翻译:

“你”如何产生意义

从语言上讲,“你”的一般用法使人们能够将自己与负面体验拉开距离,并从中提取一些含义。使用“you”将我概括为其他人 有时在称呼另一个人时使用“you”,但在许多情况下,“you”用于表示任何人或所有人——通用的“you”。奥维尔等人。研究了通用“你”的潜在心理功能。当被要求写下过去的负面经历时,如果任务是使用通用的“你”而不是第一人称代词“我”,人们更有可能与自己保持距离并从经历中获得意义。科学,这个问题 p。1299 “你”是英语中最常用的词之一。虽然它通常指的是被称呼的人(“你好吗?”),“你”也用于对一般人做出永恒的陈述(“你赢了一些,你输了一些。”)。在这里,我们证明了这种普遍存在但未被充分研究的语言工具,被称为“通用你”,对于人们如何从经验中获取意义具有重要意义。在六个实验中,我们发现泛型-你被用来表达普通和情感环境中的规范,而在反思负面经历时产生泛型-你可以让人们通过将其扩展到自我之外来“正常化”他们的体验。这样,一个简单的语言工具就具有强大的意义创造功能。在六个实验中,我们发现泛型-你被用来表达普通和情感环境中的规范,而在反思负面经历时产生泛型-你可以让人们通过将其扩展到自我之外来“正常化”他们的体验。这样,一个简单的语言工具就具有强大的意义创造功能。在六个实验中,我们发现泛型-你被用来表达普通和情感环境中的规范,而在反思负面经历时产生泛型-你可以让人们通过将其扩展到自我之外来“正常化”他们的体验。这样,一个简单的语言工具就具有强大的意义创造功能。
更新日期:2017-03-23
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