Ionic liquids are remarkable chemical compounds, which find applications in many areas of modern science. Because of their highly tunable nature and exceptional properties, ionic liquids have become essential players in the fields of synthesis and catalysis, extraction, electrochemistry, analytics, biotechnology, etc. Apart from physical and chemical features of ionic liquids, their high biological activity has been attracting significant attention from biochemists, ecologists, and medical scientists. This Review is dedicated to biological activities of ionic liquids, with a special emphasis on their potential employment in pharmaceutics and medicine. The accumulated data on the biological activity of ionic liquids, including their antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties, are discussed in view of possible applications in drug synthesis and drug delivery systems. Dedicated attention is given to a novel active pharmaceutical ingredient-ionic liquid (API-IL) concept, which suggests using traditional drugs in the form of ionic liquid species. The main aim of this Review is to attract a broad audience of chemical, biological, and medical scientists to study advantages of ionic liquid pharmaceutics. Overall, the discussed data highlight the importance of the research direction defined as “Ioliomics”, studies of ions in liquids in modern chemistry, biology, and medicine.

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离子液体的生物活性及其在药学和医学中的应用

离子液体是非凡的化学化合物，可在现代科学的许多领域中找到应用。由于其高度可调的性质和卓越的性能，离子液体已成为合成和催化，萃取，电化学，分析，生物技术等领域的重要参与者。除了离子液体的物理和化学特性外，它们的高生物活性也得到了广泛的应用。吸引了生物化学家，生态学家和医学科学家的极大关注。该评论致力于离子液体的生物活性，特别着重于离子液体在制药和医药领域的潜在用途。关于离子液体的生物活性（包括其抗菌和细胞毒性）的累积数据，考虑到在药物合成和药物递送系统中的可能应用，对它们进行了讨论。致力于新型活性药物成分离子液体（API-IL）的概念，该概念建议以离子液体物质的形式使用传统药物。这篇综述的主要目的是吸引化学，生物学和医学科学家的广泛读者来研究离子液体药物的优势。总体而言，所讨论的数据突出了定义为“ Ioliomics”的研究方向，现代化学，生物学和医学中液体中离子研究的重要性。这篇综述的主要目的是吸引化学，生物学和医学科学家的广泛读者来研究离子液体药物的优势。总体而言，所讨论的数据突出了定义为“ Ioliomics”的研究方向，现代化学，生物学和医学中液体中离子研究的重要性。这篇综述的主要目的是吸引化学，生物学和医学科学家的广泛读者来研究离子液体药物的优势。总体而言，所讨论的数据突出了定义为“ Ioliomics”的研究方向，现代化学，生物学和医学中液体中离子研究的重要性。