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Race/ethnic associations with comprehensive cancer center access and clinical trial enrollment for acute leukemia J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Andrew Hantel, Andrew M Brunner, Jesse J Plascak, Hajime Uno, Juan C Varela, Marlise R Luskin, Timothy R Rebbeck, Richard M Stone, Christopher S Lathan, Daniel J DeAngelo, Gregory A Abel
Background Clinical trial participation at Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCC) is inequitable for minoritized race/ethnic groups with acute leukemia. CCCs care for a high proportion of adults with acute leukemia. It is unclear if participation inequities are due to CCC access, post-access enrollment, or both. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with acute leukemia (2010-2019)
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Cytoreductive nephrectomy in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a U.S. FDA pooled analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Jaleh Fallah, Haley Gittleman, Chana Weinstock, Elaine Chang, Sundeep Agrawal, Shenghui Tang, Richard Pazdur, Paul G Kluetz, Daniel L Suzman, Laleh Amiri-Kordestani
Background This pooled analysis of patient-level data from trials evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with or without cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) prior to a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and anti-angiogenic therapy. Methods Five trials of ICI plus anti-angiogenic therapy were pooled. Only patients with stage 4 at initial diagnosis
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Potential role of cannabis in ameliorating observed racialized disparities in cancer pain management J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Laurel P Gibson, Rebecca A Ferrer, Salimah H Meghani, Amanda M Acevedo
Cancer-related pain affects a significant proportion of all cancer patients yet remains inadequately managed, particularly among cancer patients from racialized backgrounds. In recent years, there has been increased research and clinical interest in the use of medical cannabis for cancer pain management, including its potential to ameliorate racialized disparities in cancer pain control. Although medical
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Familial adversity: association with discontinuation of adjuvant hormone therapy and breast cancer prognosis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Erwei Zeng, Wei He, Arvid Sjölander, Jenny Bergqvist, Fang Fang, Kamila Czene
Background Many studies have examined patient-related factors affecting adjuvant hormone therapy adherence in breast cancer patients. Our study aimed to examine associations of family-related factors with adjuvant hormone therapy discontinuation and breast cancer-specific mortality. Methods By cross-linking seven Swedish health registers, we performed a cohort study including all breast cancer patients
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Predicting five-year interval second breast cancer risk in women with prior breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Rebecca A Hubbard, Yu-Ru Su, Erin Ja Bowles, Laura Ichikawa, Karla Kerlikowske, Kathryn P Lowry, Diana L Miglioretti, Anna N A Tosteson, Karen J Wernli, Janie M Lee
Background Annual surveillance mammography is recommended for women with a personal history of breast cancer. Risk prediction models that estimate mammography failures such as interval second breast cancers could help to tailor surveillance imaging regimens to women’s individual risk profiles. Methods In a cohort of women with a history of breast cancer receiving surveillance mammography in the Breast
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Frameshift mutations in peripheral blood as a biomarker for surveillance of lynch syndrome J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yurong Song, Holli Loomans-Kropp, Ryan N Baugher, Brandon Somerville, Shaneen S Baxter, Travis D Kerr, Teri M Plona, Stephanie D Mellott, Todd B Young, Heidi E Lawhorn, Lei Wei, Qiang Hu, Song Liu, Alan Hutson, Ligia Pinto, John D Potter, Shizuko Sei, Ozkan Gelincik, Steven M Lipkin, Johannes Gebert, Matthias Kloor, Robert H Shoemaker
Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, which lead to high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and frameshift mutations (FSMs) at coding mononucleotide repeats (cMNRs) in the genome. Recurrent FSMs in these regions are thought to play a central role in the increased risk of various cancers. However
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Impact of Risk-Based therapy on late morbidity and mortality in neuroblastoma survivors: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Danielle Novetsky Friedman, Pamela J Goodman, Wendy M Leisenring, Lisa R Diller, Susan L Cohn, Rebecca M Howell, Susan A Smith, Emily S Tonorezos, Suzanne L Wolden, Joseph P Neglia, Kirsten K Ness, Todd M Gibson, Paul C Nathan, Lucie M Turcotte, Brent R Weil, Leslie L Robison, Kevin C Oeffinger, Gregory T Armstrong, Charles A Sklar, Tara O Henderson
Background Early efforts at risk-adapted therapy for neuroblastoma are predicted to result in differential late effects; the magnitude of these differences have not been well-described. Methods Late mortality, subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN), and severe/life-threatening chronic health conditions (CHCs), graded according to CTCAE v4.03, were assessed among 5-year CCSS survivors of neuroblastoma
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Spatial intratumor heterogeneity of programmed death-ligand 1 expression predicts poor prognosis in resected non-small cell lung cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yusuke Nagasaki, Tetsuro Taki, Kotaro Nomura, Kenta Tane, Tomohiro Miyoshi, Joji Samejima, Keiju Aokage, Seiyu Jeong-Yoo Ohtani-Kim, Motohiro Kojima, Shingo Sakashita, Naoya Sakamoto, Shumpei Ishikawa, Kenji Suzuki, Masahiro Tsuboi, Genichiro Ishii
Objective We quantified the pathological spatial intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and investigated its relevance to patient outcomes in surgically resected non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Materials and methods This study enrolled 239 consecutive surgically resected NSCLC specimens of pathological stage IIA–IIIB. To characterize the spatial ITH of
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Randomized trials of multi-cancer screening tests: Augmenting their ability to identify a genuine mortality benefit J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Noel S Weiss
Randomized trials of the efficacy of multi-cancer early detection, by means of measurement of cell-free DNA and/or protein biomarkers in peripheral blood specimens, will attempt to document a difference in cancer mortality between persons assigned to intervention and control arms. Their ability to do so is limited by the relatively low rate of death from individual forms of cancer, the relatively low
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Effects of a change in recall period on reporting severe symptoms: an analysis of a pragmatic multisite trial J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Roshan Paudel, Andrea C Enzinger, Hajime Uno, Christine Cronin, Sandra L Wong, Don S Dizon, Hannah Hazard Jenkins, Jessica Bian, Raymond U Osarogiagbon, Roxanne E Jensen, Sandra A Mitchell, Deborah Schrag, Michael J Hassett
Background Optimal methods for deploying electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) to manage symptoms in routine oncologic practice remain uncertain. The eSyM symptom management program asks chemotherapy and surgery patients to self-report 12 symptoms regularly. Feedback from nurses and patients led to changing the recall period from the past 7 days to the past 24 hours. Methods Using questionnaires
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Population-level incidence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal, cervical, and anal cancers by smoking status J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Sameer V Gopalani, Mona Saraiya, Bin Huang, Thomas C Tucker, Jacqueline M Mix, Anil K Chaturvedi
We estimated the population-level incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal, cervical, and anal cancers by smoking status. We combined HPV DNA genotyping data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Cancer Registry Sentinel Surveillance System with data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System across smoking status. During 2004–2005
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Metabolomic signatures of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in relation to colorectal cancer risk J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Alaina M Bever, Dong Hang, Dong Hoon Lee, Fred K Tabung, Tomotaka Ugai, Shuji Ogino, Jeffrey A Meyerhardt, Andrew T Chan, A Heather Eliassen, Liming Liang, Meir J Stampfer, Mingyang Song
Background Inflammation and metabolic dysregulation are associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC); the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We characterized metabolomic signatures of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation and evaluated the association of the signatures and individual metabolites with CRC risk. Methods Among 684 incident CRC cases and 684 age-matched controls
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Health-Related quality of life and DNA Methylation-Based aging biomarkers among survivors of childhood cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Noel-Marie Plonski, Yue Pan, Cheng Chen, Qian Dong, Xijun Zhang, Nan Song, Kyla Shelton, John Easton, Heather Mulder, Jinghui Zhang, Geoffrey Neale, Emily Walker, Hui Wang, Rachel Webster, Tara Brinkman, Kevin R Krull, Gregory T Armstrong, Kirsten K Ness, Melissa M Hudson, Qian Li, I-Chan Huang, Zhaoming Wang
Background Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk for morbidity and mortality and poor patient-reported outcomes, typically health-related-quality-of-life (HRQOL). However, associations between DNA methylation (DNAm)-based aging biomarkers and HRQOL have not been evaluated. Methods DNAm was generated with Infinium EPIC BeadChip on blood-derived DNA (median[range] for age at blood draw = 34.5[18
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The unique risk factor profile of triple negative breast cancer: a comprehensive meta-analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Nitya Kumar, Sarah Ehsan, Shahana Banerjee, Claudia Fernandez Perez, Isabelle Lhuilier, Jillian Neuner, Tara Friebel-Klinger, Oluwadamilola M Fayanju, Bindhu Nair, Sara Anjum Niinuma, Shivangi Nampoothiri, Anne Marie McCarthy
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether known risk factors for breast cancer are also associated with TNBC in adult females. Methods EMBASE, Medline, SCOPUS, and grey literature were queried with no limit on the date or language of publication. The exposures of interest included
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An orientation to the US National Cancer plan for the research community J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Ann M Geiger, Elizabeth M Jaffee, Mitchel S Berger, Carol L Brown, W Kimryn Rathmell, Monica M Bertagnolli
The US National Cancer Act of 1971 designated the director of the National Cancer Institute as responsible for coordinating federal agencies and nonfederal organizations to make progress against cancer. As part of her role, the immediate past director of the National Cancer Institute (MMB) led the development of a National Cancer Plan that was formally released on April 3, 2023. The plan includes 8
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Healthcare organization characteristics in cancer care delivery: an integrated conceptual framework with content validation J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Sallie J Weaver, Erica S Breslau, Lauren E Russell, Allen Zhang, Ritu Sharma, Eric B Bass, Jill A Marsteller, Claire Snyder
Context can influence cancer-related outcomes. For example, healthcare organization characteristics including ownership, leadership, and culture can impact care access, communication, and patient outcomes. Healthcare organization characteristics and other contextual factors can also influence whether and how clinical discoveries reduce cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Importantly, policy
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Prediagnostic evaluation of multicancer detection tests: Design and analysis considerations J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Stuart G Baker, Ruth Etzioni
There is growing interest in multicancer detection (MCD) tests, which identify molecular signals in the blood indicating a potential preclinical cancer. A key stage in evaluating MCD tests is a prediagnostic performance study, in which investigators store specimens from asymptomatic persons and later test stored specimens from cancer cases and a random sample of controls to determine predictive performance
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Assessing racial/ethnic and nativity disparities in US cancer mortality using a new integrated platform J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Mandi Yu, Lihua Liu, James (Todd) Gibson, Dave Campbell, Qinran Liu, Steve Scoppa, Eric J Feuer, Paulo S Pinheiro
Background Foreign-born (FB) populations in the US have significantly increased, yet cancer trends remain unexplored. Survey-based Population-Adjusted Rate Calculator (SPARC) is a new tool for evaluating nativity differences in cancer mortality. Methods Using SPARC, we calculated 3-year (2016-2018) age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and rate ratios (RRs) for common cancers by sex, age group, race/ethnicity
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Dietary interventions in cancer: a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Nosakhare Paul Ilerhunmwuwa, Abul Hasan Shadali Abdul Khader, Calvin Smith, Edward R Scheffer Cliff, Christopher M Booth, Evevanne Hottel Rd, Muhammad Aziz, Wade Lee-Smith, Aaron Goodman, Rajshekhar Chakraborty, Ghulam Rehman Mohyuddin
Background Prior systematic reviews addressing the impact of diet on cancer outcomes have focused on specific dietary interventions. In this systematic review, we assessed all RCTs investigating dietary interventions for cancer patients, examining the range of interventions, endpoints, patient populations, and results. Methods This systematic review identified all RCTs conducted prior to January 2023
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Association between diet quality and ovarian cancer risk and survival J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Anlan Cao, Denise A Esserman, Brenda Cartmel, Melinda L Irwin, Leah M Ferrucci
Background Research on diet quality and ovarian cancer is limited. We examined the association between diet quality and ovarian cancer risk and survival in a large prospective cohort. Methods We utilized data from women in the prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study enrolled from 1995-1996 and were 50-71 years old at baseline with follow-up through 12/31/2017. Participants completed a 124-item Food
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COVID-19 vaccination, infection, and symptoms among cancer survivors in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Nuo Nova Yang, Jingxuan Zhao, Zhiyuan Zheng, K Robin Yabroff, Xuesong Han
The experiences of cancer survivors with the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States during 2021 and 2022, when vaccinations became widely available, are largely undocumented. Using nationally representative survey data in 2021 and 2022, we found that compared with adults without a cancer history, cancer survivors were more likely to have at least 2 COVID-19 vaccines (2021: 66.6% vs 62.3%, P = .003;
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Multi-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies identified 235 genes for intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 James L Li, Julian C McClellan, Haoyu Zhang, Guimin Gao, Dezheng Huo
Background Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of breast cancer (BC) identified common variants which differ between intrinsic subtypes, genes through which these variants act to impact BC risk have not been fully established. Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have identified genes associated with overall BC risk, but subtype-specific differences are largely unknown. Methods
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Use of Cancer-Directed therapy at the end of life among adolescents and young adults J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Jennifer W Mack, Colin Cernik, Lanfang Xu, Cecile A Laurent, Lauren Fisher, Nancy Cannizzaro, Julie Munneke, Robert M Cooper, Joshua R Lakin, Corey M Schwartz, Mallory Casperson, Andrea Altschuler, Lori Wiener, Lawrence H Kushi, Chun R Chao, Hajime Uno
Background Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) frequently receive chemotherapy near death. We know less about use of targeted agents and immunotherapy or trends over time. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,836 AYAs with cancer who died between 2009-2019 after receiving care at one of three sites (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, and Kaiser Permanente
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PM2.5, vegetation density, and childhood cancer: a case-control registry-based study from Texas 1995-2011 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Lindsay A Williams, David Haynes, Jeannette M Sample, Zhanni Lu, Ali Hossaini, Laura A McGuinn, Thanh T Hoang, Philip J Lupo, Michael E Scheurer
Background Air pollution is positively associated with some childhood cancers while greenness is inversely associated with some adult cancers. The interplay between air pollution and greenness in childhood cancer etiology is unclear. We estimated the association between early life air pollution and greenness exposure and childhood cancer in Texas (1995-2011). Methods We included 6,101 cancer cases
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Palliative prognostic scores for survival prediction of cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Si Qi Yoong, Priyanka Bhowmik, Sreerag Kapparath, Davina Porock
Background The Palliative Prognostic Score (PaP) is the most widely validated prognostic tool for cancer survival prediction, with modified versions available. A systematic evaluation of PaP tools is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the performance and prognostic utility of PaP, Delirium-PaP (D-PaP), and PaP without clinician prediction in predicting 30-day survival
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Neoadjuvant Platinum-Based chemotherapy and lymphadenectomy for penile cancer: an international, Multi-Institutional, Real-World study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Kyle M Rose, Rachel Pham, Niki M Zacharias, Filip Ionescu, Mahati Paravathaneni, Kathryn A Marchetti, Darren Sanchez, Arfa Mustasam, Reagan Sandstrom, Raghu Vikram, Jasreman Dhillon, Priya Rao, Amy Schneider, Lance Pagliaro, Constantine Alifrangis, Maarten Albersen, Eduard Roussel, Viraj A Master, Bassel Nazha, Cindy Hernandez, Kelvin A Moses, Chris Protzel, Jeffrey Montgomery, Martin Angel, Marcos
Introduction This study investigated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advance penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC), for which current evidence is lacking. Methods Included patients had locally advanced PSCC with clinical lymph node metastasis treated with at least one dose of NAC prior to planned consolidative lymphadenectomy. Objective response rates (ORR) were
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Cancer risks among first-degree relatives of women with a genetic predisposition to breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Qingyang Xiao, Xinhe Mao, Alexander Ploner, Felix Grassmann, Juan Rodriguez, Mikael Eriksson, Per Hall, Kamila Czene
Background Associations between germline alterations in women and cancer risks among their relatives are largely unknown. Methods We used women from two Swedish cohorts (KARMA and pKARMA), including 28,362 women with genotyping data and 13,226 with sequencing data. Using Swedish Multi-Generation Register, we linked these women to 133,389 first-degree relatives. Associations between protein-truncating
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Geriatric assessment and quality of life for 2 years in older patients with head and neck cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Charlotte Lafont, Elena Paillaud, Chloe Bertolus, Melany Baron, Philippe Caillet, Eric Bouvard, Marie Laurent, Didier Salvan, Laurence Chaumette, Laure de Decker, Benoit Piot, Beatrix Barry, Agathe Raynaud-Simon, Elisabeth Sauvaget, Aurélien Minard, Amélie Anota, Henri Panjo, Lydia Brugel, Florence Canouï-Poitrine
Due to the location and toxicity of treatments, head and neck cancer (HNC) has a major impact on quality of life (QoL). Objective to assess the effects of geriatric-assessment (GA)-driven interventions on QoL over 2 years in older adults with HNC. EGeSOR was a randomized study of HNC patients aged ≥65, receiving a pretreatment GA, a geriatric intervention and follow-up (intervention) or standard of
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Racial and ethnic disparities in genomic testing among lung cancer patients: a systematic review J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Clare Meernik, Yadurshini Raveendran, Michaela Kolarova, Fariha Rahman, Ebunoluwa Olunuga, Emmery Hammond, Akhilesh Shivaramakrishnan, Steph Hendren, Hayden B Bosworth, Devon K Check, Michelle Green, John H Strickler, Tomi Akinyemiju
Introduction Racial and ethnic disparities in genomic testing could exacerbate disparities in access to precision cancer therapies and survival—particularly in the context of lung cancer, where genomic testing has been recommended for the past decade. However, prior studies assessing disparities in genomic testing have yielded mixed results. Methods We conducted a systemic review to examine racial
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Effect of surgery versus chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients: a target trial emulation J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Jakob Kirkegård, Charles Gaber, Uffe Heide-Jørgensen, Claus Wilki Fristrup, Jennifer L Lund, Deirdre Cronin-Fenton, Frank Viborg Mortensen
Purpose To estimate the causal effect of surgery vs chemotherapy on survival in patients with T1-3NxM0 pancreatic cancer in a rigorous framework addressing selection bias and immortal time bias. Methods We used population-based Danish healthcare registries to conduct a cohort study emulating a hypothetical randomized trial to estimate the absolute difference in survival, comparing surgery with chemotherapy
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Maximizing scarce colonoscopy resources: the crucial role of Stool-Based tests J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Gloria D Coronado, Leslie Bienen, Andrea Burnett-Hartman, Jeffrey K Lee, Carolyn M Rutter
During the COVID-19 pandemic, health systems, including federally qualified health centers (FQHCs), experienced disruptions in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. National organizations called for greater use of at-home stool-based testing followed by colonoscopy for those with abnormal test results to limit (in-person) colonoscopy exams to people with acute symptoms, or who were high-risk. This ‘stool-test-first’
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Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device therapy versus oral progestin treatment for Reproductive-Aged patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Yukio Suzuki, Jennifer S Ferris, Ling Chen, Shayan Dioun, John Usseglio, Koji Matsuo, Xiao Xu, Dawn L Hershman, Jason D Wright
Background We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine outcomes of patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) treated with oral progestins or levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD). Methods We conducted a systematic review across five databases to examine outcomes of progestational treatment (oral progestins or LNG-IUD) for patients with EIN. The primary
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Association of N-terminal Pro-Brain natriuretic peptide with survival among US cancer survivors J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Chao Cao, Lin Yang, Anju Nohria, Erica L Mayer, Ann H Partridge, Jennifer A Ligibel
Background N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a cardiac biomarker associated with the risk of heart failure and death in the general population but has not been explored in cancer survivors. Methods Using a US nationally representative sample of adults ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004, this study compared NT-proBNP levels between
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Association of metformin use and cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Lauren O’connor, Maeve Bailey-Whyte, Manami Bhattacharya, Gisela Buttera, Kaitlyn N Lewis Hardell, Andrew B Seidenberg, Philip E Castle, Holli A Loomans-Kropp
Background Metformin is among the most used anti-diabetic medications, due to its minimal toxicity, favorable safety profile, availability, and low cost. In addition to its role in diabetes management, metformin may also reduce cancer risk. Methods We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between metformin use and cancer risk, with evaluation by
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Evaluating the sensitivity of EQ-5D-5L in patients with brain metastases: a secondary analysis of NRG CC001 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Hua-Ren R Cherng, Melody Qu, Zafar Zafari, Søren Bentzen, Terri S Armstrong, Vinai Gondi, Paul D Brown, Minesh Mehta, Mark V Mishra
BACKGROUND EuroQoL EQ-5D is a commonly used measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in clinical trials given the use of its index score as a measure of health utilities. It is unclear whether EQ-5D is sensitive to changes in neurocognitive function and progression that occur following brain radiation. This study sought to evaluate the sensitivity of EQ-5D-5L in reflecting these changes. PATIENTS
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Developing the next-generation cancer research workforce in the nih intramural research program J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Nina F Schor
Although the National Institutes of Health is renowned for being the largest funder of biomedical research in the world, the research and associated career development programs on its own campuses are relatively unknown. These intramural programs provide many outstanding and programmatically unique opportunities for research-intensive careers and training in cancer biology, prevention, diagnosis, and
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DNA-methylation variability in normal mucosa: a field cancerization marker in patients with adenomatous polyps J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Josephine Yates, Helen Schaufelberger, Roland Steinacher, Primo Schär, Kaspar Truninger, Valentina Boeva
Background The phenomenon of field cancerization reflects the transition of normal cells into those predisposed to cancer. Assessing the scope and intensity of this process in the colon may support risk prediction and colorectal cancer prevention. Methods The SWEPIC study, encompassing 1,111 participants for DNA methylation analysis and a subset of 84 for RNA-seq, was employed to detect field cancerization
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Accelerating pediatric hodgkin lymphoma research: the hodgkin lymphoma data collaboration (NODAL) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Kirk D Wyatt, Suzi Birz, Sharon M Castellino, Tara O Henderson, John T Lucas, Qinglin Pei, Yiwang Zhou, Samuel L Volchenboum, Brian Furner, Michael Watkins, Kara M Kelly, Jamie E Flerlage
Data commons have proven to be an indispensable avenue for advancing pediatric cancer research by serving as unified information technology platforms which, when coupled with data standards, facilitate data sharing. The Pediatric Cancer Data Commons (PCDC), the flagship project of Data for the Common Good (D4CG), collaborates with disease-based consortia to facilitate development of clinical data standards
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Changes in smoking use and subsequent lung cancer risk in the ATBC study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Daniela S Gutiérrez-Torres, Sungduk Kim, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie J Weinstein, Maki Inoue-Choi, Paul S Albert, Neal D Freedman
Background Reducing cigarettes/day may lower the risk of lung cancer compared with continuing to smoke at the same intensity. Other changes in smoking behaviors, such as increasing cigarette consumption or quitting for a period and relapsing, may also affect lung cancer risk. Methods We examined changes in smoking status and cigarettes/day among 24,613 Finnish male smokers aged 50-69 years who participated
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Simulating the population impact of interventions to reduce racial gaps in breast cancer treatment J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Juan Yanguela, Bradford E Jackson, Katherine E Reeder-Hayes, Mya L Roberson, Gabrielle B Rocque, Tzy-Mey Kuo, Matthew R LeBlanc, Christopher Baggett, Laura Green, Erin Laurie-Zehr, Stephanie B Wheeler
Background Inequities in guideline-concordant treatment receipt contribute to worse survival in Black breast cancer (BCa) patients. Inequity-reduction interventions (eg, navigation, bias training, tracking dashboards) can close such treatment gaps. We simulated the population-level impact of statewide implementation of inequity-reduction interventions on racial BCa inequities in North Carolina. Methods
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Genome-wide DNA methylation and transcriptomic patterns of precancerous gastric cardia lesions J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Xiaoqi Liao, Runhua Lin, Zhihua Zhang, Dongping Tian, Zhaohui Liu, Songqin Chen, Guohua Xu, Min Su
Background Intestinal metaplasia (IM) and intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN) are considered precursors of gastric cardia cancer (GCC). Here, we investigated the histopathologic and molecular profiles of precancerous gastric cardia lesions (PGCLs) and biomarkers for risk stratification of gastric cardia IM. Methods We conducted a hospital-based evaluation (n = 4578) for PGCL profiles in high-incidence
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Correlation between tumor size change and outcome in a rare cancer immunotherapy basket trial J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Megan Othus, Sandip P Patel, Young K Chae, Eliana Dietrich, Howard Streicher, Elad Sharon, Razelle Kurzrock
Background RECIST criteria for progressive disease (PD), partial response (PR) and complete response (CR), reflecting +20%, -30% and -100% tumor size changes, respectively, are critical outcome variables in oncology clinical trials. Herein, we evaluated post-immunotherapy tumor size change correlation with outcomes. Methods We used a unique clinical trial data resource, a multi-center basket trial
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Additive effects of TPMT and NUDT15 on thiopurine toxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia across multiethnic populations J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Maud Maillard, Rina Nishii, Wenjian Yang, Keito Hoshitsuki, Divyabharathi Chepyala, Shawn H R Lee, Jenny Q Nguyen, Mary V Relling, Kristine R Crews, Mark Leggas, Meenu Singh, Joshua L Y Suang, Allen E J Yeoh, Sima Jeha, Hiroto Inaba, Ching-Hon Pui, Seth E Karol, Amita Trehan, Prateek Bhatia, Federico G Antillon Klussmann, Deepa Bhojwani, Cyrine E Haidar, Jun J Yang
Background Thiopurines such as mercaptopurine (MP) are widely used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Thiopurine-S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15) inactivate thiopurines, and no-function variants are associated with drug-induced myelosuppression. Dose adjustment of MP is strongly recommended in patients with intermediate or complete loss of activity of TPMT and NUDT15
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Genetic risk and likelihood of prostate cancer detection on first biopsy by ancestry J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Kyung Min Lee, Tyler Nelson, Alex Bryant, Craig Teerlink, Roman Gulati, Meghana Pagadala, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Kathryn M Pridgen, Scott L DuVall, Kosj Yamoah, Jason L Vassy, Tyler M Seibert, Richard Hauger, Brent S Rose, Julie A Lynch
Despite differences in prostate cancer risk across ancestry groups, relative performance of prostate cancer genetic risks scores (GRS) for positive biopsy prediction in different ancestry groups is unknown. This cross-sectional retrospective analysis examines the association between a polygenic hazard score (PHS290) and risk of prostate cancer diagnosis upon first biopsy in male Veterans using two-sided
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Sociodemographic inequities in the burden of carcinogenic industrial air emissions in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Jessica M Madrigal, Abigail Flory, Jared A Fisher, Elizabeth Sharp, Barry I Graubard, Mary H Ward, Rena R Jones
Background Industrial facilities are not located uniformly across U.S. communities, but how the burden of exposure to carcinogenic air emissions may vary across population characteristics is unclear. We evaluated differences in carcinogenic industrial pollution among major sociodemographic groups in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Methods We evaluated cross-sectional associations of population characteristics
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Colorectal cancer screening test exposure patterns in US adults ages 45-49 years, 2019-2021 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Jessica Star, Rebecca L Siegel, Adair K Minihan, Robert A Smith, Ahmedin Jemal, Priti Bandi
Introduction Several organizations now recommend average risk individuals begin colorectal cancer (CRC) screening at age 45 instead of 50 years. We present contemporary estimates of CRC screening in newly eligible adults ages 45-49 years between 2019-2021. Methods Nationally representative prevalence estimates and population number screened were estimated from the National Health Interview Survey.
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Interventions Addressing Health-Related Social Needs Among Patients with Cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Evan M Graboyes, Simon C Lee, Stacy Tessler Lindau, Alyce S Adams, Brenda A Adjei, Mary Brown, Gelareh Sadigh, Andrea Incudine, Ruth C Carlos, Scott D Ramsey, Rick Bangs
Health-related social needs (HRSN) are prevalent among cancer patients, associated with substantial negative health consequences, and drive pervasive inequities in cancer incidence, severity, treatment choices and decisions, and outcomes. To address the lack of clinical trial evidence to guide HRSN interventions among cancer patients, the National Cancer Institute Cancer Care Delivery Research Steering
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Hope During Somber Times: A Defining Moment J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Benjamin W Corn, David B Feldman
Among the diverse educational materials furnished by the National Cancer Institute for patients, caregivers and healthcare providers, an online dictionary is maintained. The dictionary endeavors to provide concise definitions for the glossary of terms used in modern oncology. The dictionary continues to be regarded as a valuable data reserve because it is updated at frequent intervals and deftly employs
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Early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: performance of a short contrast-free screening MRI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Ann D King, Qi Yong H Ai, W K Jacky Lam, Irene O L Tse, Tiffany Y So, Lun M Wong, Jayden Yip Man Tsang, Ho Sang Leung, Benny C Y Zee, Edwin P Hui, Brigette B Y Ma, Alexander C Vlantis, Andrew C van Hasselt, Anthony T C Chan, John K S Woo, K C Allen Chan
Background While contrast-enhanced MRI detects early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) not detected by endoscopic-guided biopsy (EGB), a short contrast-free screening MRI would be desirable for NPC screening programs. This study evaluated a screening MRI in a plasma Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-DNA NPC screening program. Methods EBV-DNA screen positive patients underwent endoscopy and endoscopy-positive
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Increasing radiation therapy and lower survival for human papillomavirus–related oropharynx cancer associated with a shift to community cancer center care J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Danielle R Trakimas, Wojtek Mydlarz, Leila J Mady, Wayne Koch, Harry Quon, Nyall R London, Carole Fakhry
Background Studies have shown lower overall survival for patients with head and neck cancer treated at low-volume or community cancer centers. As the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)–related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma steadily rises in the United States, we hypothesized that a greater proportion of patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is being treated at
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Measuring prognostic awareness in patients with advanced cancer: a scoping review and interpretive synthesis of the impact of hope J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Jean Mathews, Shaila Merchant, Jacqueline Galica, Michael J Palmer, Jennifer O’Donnell, Rachel Koven, Christopher Booth, Michael Brundage
Background Assessment of prognostic awareness (PA) in patients with advanced cancer is challenging because patient responses often indicate their hopes. The objectives of this scoping review were to summarize studies that measured PA in patients with advanced cancer and to synthesize data about how PA was measured and whether hope was incorporated into the measurement. Methods MEDLINE and Embase databases
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The Impact of Multidisciplinary Cancer Conferences on Overall Survival: A Meta-Analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Ryan S Huang, Andrew Mihalache, Abdulwadud Nafees, Asad Hasan, Xiang Y Ye, Zhihui Liu, Natasha B Leighl, Srinivas Raman
Background Multidisciplinary cancer conferences (MCCs) are comprised of regular meetings between diverse specialists working together to share clinical decision making in cancer care. The aim of this study is to systematically review and meta-analyze the effect of MCC intervention on overall survival of cancer patients. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and
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Genetic Trio of BRAF and TERT Mutations and rs2853669TT in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Aggressiveness J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Rengyun Liu, Guangwu Zhu, Jie Tan, Xiaopei Shen, Mingzhao Xing
Background BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations are core components in current genetic-based risk assessment for precision management of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). It remains unknown whether this could be refined to even better precision by a widely recognized prognostic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2853669T>C, in the TERT promoter. Methods Genetic status of mutations and SNP were
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Cancer Survivorship—A Framework for Quality Cancer Care J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Bradley Zebrack
When diagnosed with cancer or any other life-threatening condition, people must negotiate two once-separate but now integrated realms—a medical care industrial complex and an everyday life now lived in conscious awareness of mortality—a state of being subject to death. Life becomes a series of challenges and disruptions to relationships, body image and integrity, autonomy and independence, life goals
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Maternal serum concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Rena R Jones, Jessica M Madrigal, Rebecca Troisi, Heljä-Marja Surcel, Hanna Öhman, Juha Kivelä, Hannu Kiviranta, Panu Rantakokko, Jani Koponen, Danielle N Medgyesi, Katherine A McGlynn, Joshua Sampson, Paul S Albert, Mary H Ward
Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread and environmentally persistent chemicals with immunotoxic properties. Children are prenatally exposed through maternal transfer of PFAS to cord blood, but no studies have investigated the relationship with childhood leukemia. Methods We measured maternal serum levels of 19 PFAS in first-trimester samples collected in 1986-2010 and
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Much work to do about measuring work J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Cathy J Bradley, Sara Kitchen, Kelsey M Owsley
Work ability is a critical economic and well-being indicator in cancer care. Yet, work ability is understudied in clinical trials and observational research and is often undocumented in medical records. Despite agreement on the importance of work from well-being, health insurance, and financial perspectives, standardized approaches for collecting, measuring, and analyzing work outcomes are lacking
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Trends in smoking-attributable and smoking-unrelated lung cancer death rates in the U.S., 1991-2018 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Meredith S Shiels, Barry I Graubard, Timothy S McNeel, Lisa Kahle, Neal D Freedman
Background In the U.S., lung cancer death rates have declined for decades, primarily due to pronounced decreases in cigarette smoking. However, it is unclear whether there have been similar declines in mortality rates of lung cancer unrelated to smoking. We estimated trends in U.S. lung cancer death rates attributable and not attributable to smoking from 1991-2018. Methods The study included 30-79-year-olds
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Health-Related Quality of Life With Pembrolizumab+Chemotherapy Versus Placebo+Chemotherapy for Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: KEYNOTE-355 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 David W Cescon, Peter Schmid, Hope S Rugo, Seock-Ah Im, Mastura Md Yusof, Carlos Gallardo, Oleg Lipatov, Carlos H Barrios, Jose Perez-Garcia, Hiroji Iwata, Norikazu Masuda, Marco Torregroza Otero, Erhan Gokmen, Sherene Loi, Amin Haiderali, Xuan Zhou, Zifang Guo, Allison Martin Nguyen, Javier Cortes
Background In KEYNOTE-355 (NCT02819518), addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy led to statistically significant improvements in progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with tumor PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥10. We report patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from KEYNOTE-355. Methods Patients were randomized 2:1 to pembrolizumab
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A Roadmap to Establishing Global Oncology as a Priority Initiative within a National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Center J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Katherine Van Loon, Lindsay Breithaupt, Dianna Ng, Rebecca J DeBoer, Geoffrey C Buckle, Stella Bialous, Robert A Hiatt, Paul Volberding, Michelle L Hermiston, Alan Ashworth
As the burden of cancers impacting low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is projected to increase, formation of strategic partnerships between institutions in high-income countries and LMIC institutions may serve to accelerate cancer research, clinical care, and training. As the United States (US) National Cancer Institute (NCI) and its Center for Global Health continue to encourage cancer centers
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Taxanes for the treatment of breast cancer during pregnancy: an international cohort study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Ana S Ferrigno Guajardo, Bryan F Vaca-Cartagena, Erica L Mayer, Chayma Bousrih, Oke Oluchi, Cristina Saura, Fedro Peccatori, Wendy Muñoz-Montaño, Alvaro Cabrera-Garcia, Matteo Lambertini, Luis Corrales, Andrea Becerril-Gaitan, Tal Sella, Alexandra Bili Newman, Barbara Pistilli, Ashley Martinez, Carolina Ortiz, Laia Joval-Ramentol, Giovanna Scarfone, Barbara Buonomo, Fernando Lara-Medina, Jacqueline
Introduction The addition of taxanes to anthracycline-based chemotherapy is considered standard of care in the treatment of breast cancer. However, there are insufficient data regarding the safety of taxanes during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of obstetric and neonatal adverse events associated with the use of taxane-containing chemotherapy regimens for the treatment