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Metabolic programming of organ‐specific natural killer cell responses Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Rebecca B. Delconte, Joseph C. Sun
SummaryCells of the mammalian innate immune system have evolved to protect the host from various environmental or internal insults and injuries which perturb the homeostatic state of the organism. Among the lymphocytes of the innate immune system are natural killer (NK) cells, which circulate and survey host tissues for signs of stress, including infection or transformation. NK cells rapidly eliminate
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Innate immunity—With an adaptive twist Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Steven Z. Josefowicz, Joseph C. Sun
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Shaping immunity: The influence of natural selection on population immune diversity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Haley E. Randolph, Katherine A. Aracena, Yen‐Lung Lin, Zepeng Mu, Luis B. Barreiro
SummaryHumans exhibit considerable variability in their immune responses to the same immune challenges. Such variation is widespread and affects individual and population‐level susceptibility to infectious diseases and immune disorders. Although the factors influencing immune response diversity are partially understood, what mechanisms lead to the wide range of immune traits in healthy individuals
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Tissue‐resident memory NK cells: Homing in on local effectors and regulators Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Iona S. Schuster, Christopher E. Andoniou, Mariapia A. Degli‐Esposti
SummaryNatural killer (NK) cells are the prototype innate effector lymphocyte population that plays an important role in controlling viral infections and tumors. Studies demonstrating that NK cells form long‐lived memory populations, akin to those generated by adaptive immune cells, prompted a revaluation of the potential functions of NK cells. Recent data demonstrating that NK cells are recruited
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Interferons and epigenetic mechanisms in training, priming and tolerance of monocytes and hematopoietic progenitors Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Bikash Mishra, Lionel B. Ivashkiv
SummaryTraining and priming of innate immune cells involve preconditioning by PAMPs, DAMPs, and/or cytokines that elicits stronger induction of inflammatory genes upon secondary challenge. Previous models distinguish training and priming based upon whether immune activation returns to baseline prior to secondary challenge. Tolerance is a protective mechanism whereby potent stimuli induce refractoriness
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Discovering adaptive features of innate immune memory Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Mina Sadeghi, Maziar Divangahi
SummaryConventionally, it was thought that innate immunity operated through a simple system of nonspecific responses to an insult. However, this perspective now seems overly simplistic. It has become evident that intricate cooperation and networking among various cells, receptors, signaling pathways, and protein complexes are essential for regulating and defining the overall activation status of the
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Group 1 ILCs: Heterogeneity, plasticity, and transcriptional regulation Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Raki Sudan, Susan Gilfillan, Marco Colonna
SummaryGroup 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), comprising ILC1s and natural killer cells (NK cells), belong to a large family of developmentally related innate lymphoid cells that lack rearranged antigen‐specific receptors. NK cells and ILC1s both require the transcription factor T‐bet for lineage commitment but additionally rely on Eomes and Hobit, respectively, for their development and effector maturation
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Modulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells response in inflammation and autoimmunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Marie Dominique Ah Kioon, Paôline Laurent, Vidyanath Chaudhary, Yong Du, Mary K. Crow, Franck J. Barrat
SummaryThe discovery of toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and the subsequent recognition that endogenous nucleic acids (NAs) could serve as TLR ligands have led to essential insights into mechanisms of healthy immune responses as well as pathogenic mechanisms relevant to systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, NA‐containing
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Trained immunity: General and emerging concepts Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Patricia Vuscan, Brenda Kischkel, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea
SummaryOver the past decade, compelling evidence has unveiled previously overlooked adaptive characteristics of innate immune cells. Beyond their traditional role in providing short, non‐specific protection against pathogens, innate immune cells can acquire antigen‐agnostic memory, exhibiting increased responsiveness to secondary stimulation. This long‐term de‐facto innate immune memory, also termed
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Signals that control MAIT cell function in healthy and inflamed human tissues Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Andrew J. Konecny, Yin Huang, Manu Setty, Martin Prlic
SummaryMucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have a semi‐invariant T‐cell receptor that allows recognition of antigen in the context of the MHC class I‐related (MR1) protein. Metabolic intermediates of the riboflavin synthesis pathway have been identified as MR1‐restricted antigens with agonist properties. As riboflavin synthesis occurs in many bacterial species, but not human cells, it has been
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Correction to “The anti‐inflammatory and antiviral properties of anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipids” Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-21
Numata M, Kandasamy P, Voelker DR. The anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties of anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipids. Immunol Rev. 2023; 317: 166–186. doi:10.1111/imr.13207 In the article, the second paragraph was inadvertently added to Summary section and should have been removed. The Summary reads: The minor anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipids, POPG and PI, exhibit anti-inflammatory
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New insights into ILC2 memory Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Itziar Martinez‐Gonzalez, Fumio Takei
SummaryGroup 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2s) are innate lymphocytes involved in type 2 immunity. ILC2s are abundant at the barrier tissues and upon allergen exposure, respond to epithelial‐derived alarmins by producing type 2 cytokines (e.g., IL‐5 and IL‐13). Upon activation, some of these activated ILC2s acquire immunological memory and can mount enhanced responses upon further allergen encounters
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Extrinsic and intrinsic drivers of natural killer cell clonality Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Timo Rückert, Chiara Romagnani
SummaryClonal expansion of antigen‐specific lymphocytes is the fundamental mechanism enabling potent adaptive immune responses and the generation of immune memory. Accompanied by pronounced epigenetic remodeling, the massive proliferation of individual cells generates a critical mass of effectors for the control of acute infections, as well as a pool of memory cells protecting against future pathogen
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Cancer immunity by tissue‐resident type 1 innate lymphoid cells and killer innate‐like T cells Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Jing Zhang, Albert M. Li, Emily R. Kansler, Ming O. Li
SummaryCancer progression can be restrained by tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in a process termed cancer immunosurveillance. Based on how lymphocytes are activated and recruited to the tumor tissue, cancer immunity is either pre‐wired, in which innate lymphocytes and innate‐like T cells are directly recruited to and activated in tumors following their differentiation in primary lymphoid organs; or
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Early life imprinting of intestinal immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Yoselin A. Paucar Iza, Chrysothemis C. Brown
SummaryBesides its canonical role in protecting the host from pathogens, the immune system plays an arguably equally important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Within barrier tissues that interface with the external microenvironment, induction of immune tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as commensal, dietary, and environmental antigens, is key to establishing immune homeostasis. The early
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Group 3 innate lymphoid cells: A trained Gutkeeper Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Nicolas Serafini, James P. Di Santo
SummaryGroup 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue‐resident immune lymphocytes that critically regulate intestinal homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. ILC3s possess the capacity to “sense” the inflammatory environment within tissues, especially in the context of pathogen challenges that imprints durable non‐antigen‐specific changes in ILC3 function. As such, ILC3s become a new actor in the
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Epigenetic control of microglial immune responses Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Rebekka Scholz, Desirée Brösamle, Xidi Yuan, Marc Beyer, Jonas J. Neher
SummaryMicroglia, the major population of brain‐resident macrophages, are now recognized as a heterogeneous population comprising several cell subtypes with different (so far mostly supposed) functions in health and disease. A number of studies have performed molecular characterization of these different microglial activation states over the last years making use of “omics” technologies, that is transcriptomics
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Metabolic regulation of type I interferon production Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Shane M. O'Carroll, Fiona D. R. Henkel, Luke A. J. O'Neill
SummaryOver the past decade, there has been a surge in discoveries of how metabolic pathways regulate immune cell function in health and disease, establishing the field of immunometabolism. Specifically, pathways such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and those involving lipid metabolism have been implicated in regulating immune cell function. Viral infections cause immunometabolic
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Metabolic adaptations determine whether natural killer cells fail or thrive within the tumor microenvironment Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Adnan Moinuddin, Sophie M. Poznanski, Ana L. Portillo, Jonathan K. Monteiro, Ali A. Ashkar
SummaryNatural Killer (NK) cells are a top contender in the development of adoptive cell therapies for cancer due to their diverse antitumor functions and ability to restrict their activation against nonmalignant cells. Despite their success in hematologic malignancies, NK cell‐based therapies have been limited in the context of solid tumors. Tumor cells undergo various metabolic adaptations to sustain
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Maternal‐driven immune education in offspring Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Krist Antunes Fernandes, Ai Ing Lim
SummaryMaternal environmental exposures, particularly during gestation and lactation, significantly influence the immunological development and long‐term immunity of offspring. Mammalian immune systems develop through crucial inputs from the environment, beginning in utero and continuing after birth. These critical developmental windows are essential for proper immune system development and, once closed
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Functional neutrophil disorders: Chronic granulomatous disease and beyond Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Christa S. Zerbe, Steven M. Holland
Since their description by Metchnikoff in 1905, phagocytes have been increasingly recognized to be the entities that traffic to sites of infection and inflammation, engulf and kill infecting organisms, and clear out apoptotic debris all the while making antigens available and accessible to the lymphoid organs for future use. Therefore, phagocytes provide the gateway and the first check in host protection
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No time to die: Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cell survival Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Leen Hermans, Timothy E. O'Sullivan
SummaryNK cells are short‐lived innate lymphocytes that can mediate antigen‐independent responses to infection and cancer. However, studies from the past two decades have shown that NK cells can acquire transcriptional and epigenetic modifications during inflammation that result in increased survival and lifespan. These findings blur the lines between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system
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ITAM‐based receptors in natural killer cells Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Oscar A. Aguilar, Lam‐Kiu Fong, Lewis L. Lanier
SummaryThe ability of cells of the immune system to acquire features such as increased longevity and enhanced secondary responses was long thought to be restricted to cells of the adaptive immune system. Natural killer (NK) cells have challenged this notion by demonstrating that they can also gain adaptive features. This has been observed in both humans and mice during infection with cytomegalovirus
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Functional genomics in inborn errors of immunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Charlotte Hurabielle, Taylor N. LaFlam, Melissa Gearing, Chun Jimmie Ye
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) comprise a diverse spectrum of 485 disorders as recognized by the International Union of Immunological Societies Committee on Inborn Error of Immunity in 2022. While IEI are monogenic by definition, they illuminate various pathways involved in the pathogenesis of polygenic immune dysregulation as in autoimmune or autoinflammatory syndromes, or in more common infectious
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JAK/STAT defects and immune dysregulation, and guiding therapeutic choices Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Natalia S. Chaimowitz, Madison R. Smith, Lisa R. Forbes Satter
Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) encompass a diverse spectrum of genetic disorders that disrupt the intricate mechanisms of the immune system, leading to a variety of clinical manifestations. Traditionally associated with an increased susceptibility to recurrent infections, IEIs have unveiled a broader clinical landscape, encompassing immune dysregulation disorders characterized by autoimmunity, severe
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Inborn errors of immunity illuminate mechanisms of human immunology and pave the road to precision medicine Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Elena W. Y. Hsieh, Alexandre Bolze, Joseph D. Hernandez
The Yellow Brick Road leads Dorothy through Oz to the Emerald City—a luminescent green metropolis where she hopes to meet the great and powerful Wizard. The Emerald City is the destination of Dorothy's journey, where desires become reality. Arguably, the “Emerald City” for most physician-scientists caring for patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) is to apply effective therapies that target
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Severe combined immunodeficiency diagnosis and genetic defects Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Carolina Sanchez Aranda, Mariana Pimentel Gouveia-Pereira, Celso Jose Mendanha da Silva, Maria Candida Faria Varanda Rizzo, Edson Ishizuka, Edgar Borges de Oliveira, Antonio Condino-Neto
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare and life-threatening genetic disorder that severely impairs the immune system's ability to defend the body against infections. Often referred to as the “bubble boy” disease, SCID gained widespread recognition due to the case of David Vetter, a young boy who lived in a sterile plastic bubble to protect him from germs. SCID is typically present at birth
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Cover Image Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Carlos Luri-Rey, Gabriel Gomis, Javier Glez-Vaz, Almudena Manzanal, Ana Martinez Riaño, Maria E. Rodriguez Ruiz, Alvaro Teijeira
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Gene regulation in inborn errors of immunity: Implications for gene therapy design and efficacy Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Hana Y. Ghanim, Matthew H. Porteus
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) present a unique paradigm in the realm of gene therapy, emphasizing the need for precision in therapeutic design. As gene therapy transitions from broad-spectrum gene addition to careful modification of specific genes, the enduring safety and effectiveness of these therapies in clinical settings have become crucial. This review discusses the significance of IEIs as foundational
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Primary and secondary defects of the thymus Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Sarah S. Dinges, Kayla Amini, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Ottavia M. Delmonte
The thymus is the primary site of T-cell development, enabling generation, and selection of a diverse repertoire of T cells that recognize non-self, whilst remaining tolerant to self- antigens. Severe congenital disorders of thymic development (athymia) can be fatal if left untreated due to infections, and thymic tissue implantation is the only cure. While newborn screening for severe combined immune
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Human autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs: From 1981 to 2023 Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Paul Bastard, Adrian Gervais, Tom Le Voyer, Quentin Philippot, Aurélie Cobat, Jérémie Rosain, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Laurent Abel, Shen-Ying Zhang, Qian Zhang, Anne Puel, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Human autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs were first discovered in a woman with disseminated shingles and were described by Ion Gresser from 1981 to 1984. They have since been found in patients with diverse conditions and are even used as a diagnostic criterion in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS-1). However, their apparent lack of association with viral
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The discovery of NLRP3 and its function in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes and innate immunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-25 Christopher D. Putnam, Lori Broderick, Hal M. Hoffman
From studies of individual families to global collaborative efforts, the NLRP3 inflammasome is now recognized to be a key regulator of innate immunity. Activated by a panoply of pathogen-associated and endogenous triggers, NLRP3 serves as an intracellular sensor that drives carefully coordinated assembly of the inflammasome, and downstream inflammation mediated by IL-1 and IL-18. Initially discovered
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Understanding very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) in relation to inborn errors of immunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Caroline H. T. Hall, Edwin F. de Zoeten
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial diseases which are caused by the combination of genetic predisposition, exposure factors (environmental and dietary), immune status, and dysbiosis. IBD is a disease which presents at any age, ranging from newborns to the elderly. The youngest of the pediatric IBD population have a more unique presentation and clinical course and may have a different
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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A disorder of T cell activation, immune regulation, and distinctive immunopathology Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Michael B. Jordan
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a disorder that has been recognized since the middle of the last century. In recent decades, increasing understanding of the genetic roots and pathophysiology of HLH has led to improved diagnosis and treatment of this once universally fatal disorder. HLH is best conceptualized as a maladaptive state of excessive T cell activation driving life-threatening
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Mechanisms of programmed cell death Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Tian Li, Guido Kroemer
The present volume of Immunological Reviews deals with the mechanisms of programmed cell death, obviously from an immunological perspective. What are the consequences of cell death on the organism and, in particular, on the immune recognition of stressed and dying cells? The long-distance effects of therapeutic manipulations resulting in the death of cancer cells are surprisingly vast, as this has
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Decoding immunogenic cell death from a dendritic cell perspective Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Sophie Janssens, Sofie Rennen, Patrizia Agostinis
Dendritic cells (DCs) are myeloid cells bridging the innate and adaptive immune system. By cross-presenting tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) liberated upon spontaneous or therapy-induced tumor cell death to T cells, DCs occupy a pivotal position in the cancer immunity cycle. Over the last decades, the mechanisms linking cancer cell death to DC maturation, have been the focus of intense research. Growing
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Human STAT1 gain of function with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: A comprehensive review for strengthening the connection between bedside observations and laboratory research Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Takaki Asano, Kosuke Noma, Yoko Mizoguchi, Shuhei Karakawa, Satoshi Okada
Germline human heterozygous STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) variants were first discovered a common cause of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) in 2011. Since then, numerous STAT1 GOF variants have been identified. A variety of clinical phenotypes, including fungal, viral, and bacterial infections, endocrine disorders, autoimmunity, malignancy, and aneurysms, have recently been revealed for STAT1
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Proteasome disorders and inborn errors of immunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 M. Cecilia Poli
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) or primary immune deficiencies (PIDD) are caused by variants in genes encoding for molecules that are relevant to the innate or adaptive immune response. To date, defects in more than 450 different genes have been identified as causes of IEI, causing a constellation of heterogeneous clinical manifestations ranging from increased susceptibility to infection, to autoimmunity
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From Mendel to mycoses: Immuno-genomic warfare at the human–fungus interface Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Donald C. Vinh
Fungi are opportunists: They particularly require a defect of immunity to cause severe or disseminated disease. While often secondary to an apparent iatrogenic cause, fungal diseases do occur in the absence of one, albeit infrequently. These rare cases may be due to an underlying genetic immunodeficiency that can present variably in age of onset, severity, or other infections, and in the absence of
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Inborn errors of immunity: A field without frontiers Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Giorgia Bucciol, Selket Delafontaine, Isabelle Meyts, Cecilia Poli
The study of primary immunodeficiencies or inborn errors of immunity continues to drive our knowledge of the function of the human immune system. From the outset, the study of inborn errors has focused on unraveling genetic etiologies and molecular mechanisms. Aided by the continuous growth in genetic diagnostics, the field has moved from the study of an infection dominated phenotype to embrace and
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Pyroptosis in glioma: Current management and future application Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Zeshang Guo, Zhenjin Su, Ying Wei, Xingmei Zhang, Xinyu Hong
Glioma, the predominant form of central nervous system (CNS) malignancies, presents a significant challenge due to its high prevalence and low 5-year survival rate. The efficacy of current treatment methods is limited by the presence of the blood–brain barrier, the immunosuppressive microenvironment, and other factors. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach, as it can overcome the blood–brain
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The immune system in Down Syndrome: Autoimmunity and severe infections Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Meredith Ramba, Dusan Bogunovic
Over 200,000 individuals in the United States alone live with Down Syndrome (DS), the most common genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability. DS has a constellation of features across the body, including dysregulation of the immune system. Individuals with DS have both a higher frequency of autoimmunity and more severe infections than the general population, highlighting the importance
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Gene therapy for adenosine deaminase severe combined immune deficiency—An unexpected journey of four decades Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Donald B. Kohn
Severe combined immune deficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA SCID) is an inborn error of immunity with pan-lymphopenia, due to accumulated cytotoxic adenine metabolites. ADA SCID has been treated using gene therapy with a normal human ADA gene added to autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for over 30 years. Iterative improvements in vector design, HSC processing methods, and clinical
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Common variable immunodeficiency, cross currents, and prevailing winds Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Neil Romberg, Carole Le Coz
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogenous disease category created to distinguish late-onset antibody deficiencies from early-onset diseases like agammaglobulinemia or more expansively dysfunctional combined immunodeficiencies. Opinions vary on which affected patients should receive a CVID diagnosis which confuses clinicians and erects reproducibility barriers for researchers. Most
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Rubella virus chronic inflammatory disease and other unusual viral phenotypes in inborn errors of immunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Gonench Kilich, Ludmila Perelygina, Kathleen E. Sullivan
Infectious susceptibility is a component of many inborn errors of immunity. Nevertheless, antibiotic use is often used as a surrogate in history taking for infectious susceptibility, thereby disadvantaging patients who present with viral infections as their phenotype. Further complicating clinical evaluations are unusual manifestations of viral infections which may be less familiar that the typical
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FOXP3 deficiency, from the mechanisms of the disease to curative strategies Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Simon Borna, Eric Meffre, Rosa Bacchetta
FOXP3 gene is a key transcription factor driving immune tolerance and its deficiency causes immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy X-linked syndrome (IPEX), a prototypic primary immune regulatory disorder (PIRD) with defective regulatory T (Treg) cells. Although life-threatening, the increased awareness and early diagnosis have contributed to improved control of the disease. IPEX currently
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The trajectory of human B-cell function, immune deficiency, and allergy revealed by inborn errors of immunity Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Stuart G. Tangye, Joseph Mackie, Karrnan Pathmanandavel, Cindy S. Ma
The essential role of B cells is to produce protective immunoglobulins (Ig) that recognize, neutralize, and clear invading pathogens. This results from the integration of signals provided by pathogens or vaccines and the stimulatory microenvironment within sites of immune activation, such as secondary lymphoid tissues, that drive mature B cells to differentiate into memory B cells and antibody (Ab)-secreting
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The role of exosomes in cancer-related programmed cell death Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Xin Li, Zuoqian Jing, Xuejie Li, Lei Liu, Xiang Xiao, Yifan Zhong, Zihan Ren
Cancer arises from the growth and division of uncontrolled erroneous cells. Programmed cell death (PCD), or regulated cell death (RCD), includes natural processes that eliminate damaged or abnormal cells. Dysregulation of PCD is a hallmark of cancer, as cancer cells often evade cell death and continue to proliferate. Exosomes nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by different types of cells carrying
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The cell stress and immunity cycle in cancer: Toward next generation of cancer immunotherapy Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Raquel S. Laureano, Isaure Vanmeerbeek, Jenny Sprooten, Jannes Govaerts, Stefan Naulaerts, Abhishek D. Garg
The cellular stress and immunity cycle is a cornerstone of organismal homeostasis. Stress activates intracellular and intercellular communications within a tissue or organ to initiate adaptive responses aiming to resolve the origin of this stress. If such local measures are unable to ameliorate this stress, then intercellular communications expand toward immune activation with the aim of recruiting
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Targeting ferroptosis in gastric cancer: Strategies and opportunities Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Jiahan Le, Guangzhao Pan, Che Zhang, Yitao Chen, Amit K. Tiwari, Jiang-Jiang Qin
Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death morphologically, genetically, and biochemically distinct from other cell death pathways and characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides and oxidative damage. It is now understood that ferroptosis plays an essential role in various biological processes, especially in the metabolism of iron, lipids, and amino acids. Gastric
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Cell type-specific molecular mechanisms and implications of necroptosis in inflammatory respiratory diseases Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Ying Guo, Jin Zhou, Yaqi Wang, Xueliang Wu, Yakui Mou, Xicheng Song
Necroptosis is generally considered as an inflammatory cell death form. The core regulators of necroptotic signaling are receptor-interacting serine–threonine protein kinases 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3, and the executioner, mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL). Evidence demonstrates that necroptosis contributes profoundly to inflammatory respiratory diseases that are common public health problem
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Golden age of immunoengineering Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Wilson W. Wong, Wendell A. Lim
1 INTRODUCTION Immunology has long been the source of many significant medical breakthroughs, from vaccines for infections to therapeutics for cancer, autoimmunity, and transplant rejection. Indeed, the only diseases we have successfully eradicated, for example, smallpox and polio, were achieved through our understanding of the immune system. Furthermore, the immune system often plays an unexpected
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Phagocytic clearance of dying cells and its implications Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Kodi S. Ravichandran
It is estimated that an average adult human turns over roughly 330 ± 20 billion cells every day as part of healthy living.1, 2 This translates to 0.4% of our body mass. Such a large number for cell turnover then begs the question—what are these cells and why? The reasons for this are multi-factorial. First, there are cells in the body that have a finite life span, such as neutrophils (~1 day) and erythrocytes
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A variety of death modes of neutrophils and their role in the etiology of autoimmune diseases Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Yanhong Li, Yinlan Wu, Jingang Huang, Xue Cao, Qiyuan An, Yun Peng, Yi Zhao, Yubin Luo
Neutrophils are important in the context of innate immunity and actively contribute to the progression of diverse autoimmune disorders. Distinct death mechanisms of neutrophils may exhibit specific and pivotal roles in autoimmune diseases and disease pathogenesis through the orchestration of immune homeostasis, the facilitation of autoantibody production, the induction of tissue and organ damage, and
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PANoptosis: Mechanisms, biology, and role in disease Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Xu Sun, Yanpeng Yang, Xiaona Meng, Jia Li, Xiaoli Liu, Huaimin Liu
Cell death can be executed through distinct subroutines. PANoptosis is a unique inflammatory cell death modality involving the interactions between pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which can be mediated by multifaceted PANoptosome complexes assembled via integrating components from other cell death modalities. There is growing interest in the process and function of PANoptosis. Accumulating
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Cytotoxicity as a form of immunogenic cell death leading to efficient tumor antigen cross-priming Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Carlos Luri-Rey, Gabriel Gomis, Javier Glez-Vaz, Almudena Manzanal, Ana Martinez Riaño, Maria E. Rodriguez Ruiz, Alvaro Teijeira, Ignacio Melero
Antigen cross-priming of CD8+ T cells is a critical process necessary for the effective expansion and activation of CD8+ T cells endowed with the ability to recognize and destroy tumor cells. The cross-presentation of tumor antigens to cross-prime CD8+ T cells is mainly mediated, if not only, by a subset of professional antigen-presenting cells termed type-1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). The
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Specialized pro-resolving mediators enhance the clearance of dead cells Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Gabrielle Fredman, Sayeed Khan
The failure to resolve inflammation underpins to several prevalent diseases, like atherosclerosis, and so identifying ways to boost resolution is unmet clinical needs. The resolution of inflammation is governed by several factors such as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that counter-regulate pro-inflammatory pathways and promote tissue repair without compromising host defense. A major function
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Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in cancer immunity and therapy Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-16 Wei-Qing Liu, Wan-Rong Lin, Li Yan, Wen-Hao Xu, Jun Yang
Copper is an essential nutrient for maintaining enzyme activity and transcription factor function. Excess copper results in the aggregation of lipoylated dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), which correlates to the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, resulting in proteotoxic stress and eliciting a novel cell death modality: cuproptosis. Cuproptosis exerts an indispensable role in
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NETosis: Sculpting tumor metastasis and immunotherapy Immunol. Rev. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Yanyan Hu, Houhong Wang, Yang Liu
The process of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, called NETosis, is a peculiar death modality of neutrophils, which was first observed as an immune response against bacterial infection. However, recent work has revealed the unique biology of NETosis in facilitating tumor metastatic process. Neutrophil extracellular traps released by the tumor microenvironment (TME) shield tumor cells